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Chapter 17 Physical
Phsycal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Element | any pure substance that is made of onle one kind of atom |
| Aristotle Believed | Air, Fire, Earth, and Water |
| First real scientist | Alchemy |
| how many elements | 117 |
| how many are natural | 92 |
| how many are solid at room temp | 13 |
| how many are gases | 11 |
| Diatomic Elements | Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Florine, Chlorine, Bromine, and Idione |
| Arranged first periodic table | Dmitri Mendeleev |
| Periodity | the repetition of certain properties at regular intervals when elemtns were placed in order of atomic MASS |
| Every 8th | Octaves |
| Group | Down |
| Period | Across |
| Family | Down |
| Series | Across |
| Metals | Tehy belong to families with relatively few valence electrons. These valenve electrons are not held very strongly and are easily removed. |
| Non metals | hold their electrons tightly, so their properties are very different from metals |
| Metals Prop | Luster, malleable, conduct electrity, and ductile |
| Non metal Prop | Lack luster, brittle, can't conduct, and not ductile. |
| Atomic diameter | DOwn and uP |
| The Second Law of Thermodynamcis | All natural processes move toward a state of minimum energy |
| Ocet Rule | atoms generally are most stable when they have a full 8 valence electrons |
| Atoms can | gain, lose, or share electons to get the octet |
| Electron Affinity | deals with the strength of attrraction of electrons to UNBONDED ATOMS. |
| Electronegatvity | deals with an atom's ability to attract and hold electrons when BONDED TO OTHER ATOMS |
| Covalent bond | Non-metal/Non-metal sharing |
| Ionic bond | Metal/Non-metal Give or Take |
| Metallic bond | Metal/Metal Everyone Shares |
| Periodic law of the elements | The properties of the elments vary with their atomic numbers in a periodic way |