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Chapter 17/18

QuestionAnswer
Element Any pure substance that is made of only one kind of atom.
Aristotle believed in the four elements which are: Air, Fire, Earth, Water.
There are ___ elements today. 117.
The ________ elements are radioactive and have very short half-lives. Heaviest.
All but 13 out of the 92 naturally occurring elements are ______ at room temperature in their pure forms. Solids.
The thirteen elements that are not solid at room temperature are: Hg(Mercury),Br(Bromine),H(Hydrogen),He(Helium),N(Nitrogen),O(Oxygen),F(Florine),Ne(Neon),Cl(Chlorine),Ar(Argon),Kr(Krypton),Xe(Xenon),Rn(Radon).
Two of the elements that are not solid at room temperature are liquids. These two elements are Hg and Br.
Monotomic elements Have 1 atom in natural state
Diatomic elements Have 2 atoms in the natural state.
The Diatomic elements are Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Chlorine, Florine,Bromine, Iodine.
Who arranged the the elements into what eventually became the periodic table used today? Dmitri Mendeleev
Who placed the elements in order of increasing mass? Johann Dobereiner
Periodicity The repetition of certain properties at regular intervals when elements were placed in order of atomic mass.
This scientist arranged the elements in the table in order of their increasing atomic masses. Every 8th element had similar properties. John Newlands
Every 8th element is an _______, which have similar properties. Octave
Blank spots that Meneleev left were spot for ____________ ________. Undiscovered elements.
What did Henry Moseley do? He discovered how to count protons by using an x-ray. He arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic number.
How is the Group and Period arranged in the Periodic Table? G R O U P e r i o d
How is the Family and Series arranged in the Period Table? F A M S E R I E S L Y
Metals belong to families with ___ valence electrons. They are loose and easily removed. Few.
Non metals hold their electrons _______. Tightly.
Metals: lack luster/luster? Luster.
Non Metals: lack luster/luster? Lack Luster.
Metals: Malleable/Brittle? Malleable
Non Metals: Malleable/Brittle? Brittle
Metals: Conductor/Non Conductor? Conductor
Non Metals: Conductor/Non Conductor? Non conductor
Metals: Ductile/Non Ductile? Ductile
Non Metals: Ductile/Non Ductile? Non Ductile.
The horizontal rows of the periodic table are called _______ or ______. Periods or Series.
The elements in the same period (DO/do NOT) have similar properties? Do not.
The number of valence electrons is important in determining the chemical and many physical properties of an element.
The more energy levels an atom has, the ______ it is. Larger.
The larger the atom is the ________ the electrons are from the nucleus. Farther.
The larger the atom is the ______ the attraction of the nucleus on the valence electrons. Weaker.
Atomic Diameter gets smaller as it goes to the ____ on the Periodic Table. Left.
The Atomic Diameter gets Larger as it goes ____ on the Periodic Table. Down.
The Second Law of Thermodynamics States that all natural processes move toward a state of minimum energy.
Octet Rule Atoms are generally most stable when they have a full 8 electrons in their valence energy level.
Atoms can ____,____ or _____ electrons to get to the octet. gain,lose, or share.
When atoms gain and lose electrons, they make ____. Ions.
Ions have ______. Charges.
Electron Affinity The strength or attraction of unbonded atoms.
Electrons with ____ electron affinities will take or share electrons from other atoms. High.
Electronegativity An atom's ability to attract and hold electrons when bonded to other atoms.
The more electronegative the ____ likely it will take electrons. More.
Covalent Bonds Nonmetal-Nonmetal Share electrons
Ionic Bonds Metal-Nonmetal Give and take electrons
Metallic Bonds Metal-Metal Shares electrons
Electron Sea Theory Atoms with weak electronegativities bond by sharing their easily lost electrons among many atoms.
Created by: lindlepea921
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