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Psych_Theories
Syllabus 1st
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Delivery of care (practice) built around tested/researched theories. | Theoretical frameworks |
| Focus on uncovering and gaining insight into unconscious memories and factors that may produce undesirable symptoms? | Psychoanalytical theory |
| Freud's stage that is impulse-driven to maximize pleasure and minimize pain? | The Id |
| Freud's stage that serves to delay immediate impulse gratification, bringing reality into consideration? | The Ego |
| Freud's stage that inhibits impulses that are deemed "wrong," sometimes called the conscience? | The Superego |
| These stages of development occur in sequence and the energy is focused on specific zones of the body? | Psychosexual stages |
| Anna Freud refined and added to the concept of? | Defense mechanisms |
| These are developed by the unconscious and used to decrease anxiety so the ego can function? | Defense mechanisms |
| Who uses defense mechanisms? | All individuals |
| Defense mechanisms do not solve the problem or conflict, but make it less? | Anxiety provoking |
| Name the five psychosexual stages. | Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Puberty stages |
| The psychosexual stage (give age) where the child is aware of pleasurable sensations associated with bowel movements | Anal stage: (1.5 years to 3 years) |
| The psychosexual stage (give age) where the child is interested in genitalia, parent of opposite sex is desired over same-sex parent. | Phallic stage (3 to 6 years) |
| The conflicted feelings in the phallic stage lead to variety of defense mechanisms, especially? | Repression and identification, or development of Oedipal (boy) or Electrea (girl) complex when unresolved. |
| The psychosexual stage (give age) where the sexual feelings and memories from 3 previous stages are repressed? | Latency stage (6 to 11 years) |
| Latency stage energies are directed towards what? | Socially acceptable activities |
| The psychosexual stage (give age) where the adolescent attempts independence from parents and gets own mate | Puberty stage (11 to 18 years) |
| What two associated concepts of psychosexual development are included on this stage theory? | Fixation and Regression |
| According to Erikson, what compels the individual to move through all stages whether or not the crisis has been successfully resolved? | Biological maturation and Social forces |
| Erikson's "Birth to 1.5 years of age" | Trust vs. Mistrust (develop Ego strength to delay gratification) |
| Erikson's "1 to 3 years of age" | Autonomy vs. Doubt (Exercising choice and self-determination) |
| Erikson's "3 to 6 years of age" | Initiative vs. Guilt (Explore to discover and to discover taboos) |
| Erikson's "6 to 11 years of age" | Industry vs. Inferiority (Much energy. Finding out who one is and how to fit in) |
| Erikson's "11 to 20 years of age" | Identity vs. Role confusion (Development of one's own personality) |
| Erikson's "20 to 40 years of age" | Intimacy vs. Isolation (Am I loved or wanted?) |
| Erikson's "40 to 60 years of age" | Generativity vs. Stagnation (Will I produce value?) |
| Erikson's "60 - death" | Integrity vs. Dispair (have I lived a full life?) |
| With anxiety, intrapersonality is generated where? | Within the individual |
| In the event these are being utilized, what must not be challenged? Especially which one? | Defense mechanisms; Regression |
| According to theory, stalls in the psychosexual or social stages may create what? | Fixation at that time, and be a possible etiology for psychiatric disorders. |
| Psychiatric disorders are often generated by the overuse and rigid use of what mechanisms? | Defenses to reduce anxiety. Failed defenses can lead to psychosis. |
| Which therapy is short-term compared to traditional psychoanalysis? | Psychodynamic therapy |
| With psychodynamic therapy, the focus is on selected issues that are causing the client what? | Distress |
| The goal of psychodynamic therapy is to improve what? And not to restructure what? | Functioning; Personality |
| Name two Interpersonalist psychologists | Harry S. Sullivan and Hildegard Paplau |
| What Interpersonalist said, "Anxiety is contagious and communicated interpersonally?" | Sullivan |
| This theory's components include nurse, client, professional expertise, client needs, and four phases? | Interpersonal Nursing Theory (Paplau) |
| What are the four phases of the Interpersonal Nursing Theory? | Orientation, Identification, Exploitation, and Resolution. |
| Who said, "I'm not what you think I am. I'm what I think you think I am?" And what is this theory called? | Sullivan; Mirroring |
| Mirroring stems from mainly the Interpersonal Theory, and it says? | "Good me, bad me, not me." |
| Name the two main Humanists? | Abraham Maslow (hierarchy of needs), and Carl Rogers. |
| What are the six hierarchy needs? | Physiologic need of Survival/Stimulation, Safety, Love & Belonging, Esteem and Self-Esteem, and Self-Actualization |
| The concept of the Hierarchy of Needs is that people are basically what? | Good, and will strive for self-actualization. |
| Who's theory, or therapy was "client-centered?" | Carl Rogers |
| The client-centered theory said that each individual had the capacity for what? | An internal store of resources for self-understanding that can be utilized. |
| Name two Cognitive Theory psychologists. | Jean Piaget and Albert Ellis |
| Piaget focused on the process of thinking and knowing, and children move through the stages at? | Various stages |
| Piaget felt that through the processes of assimilation, accomadation, and organization, the child moves through periods of? | Cognitive development |
| What are the four stages that Piaget has identified? | Sensorimotor Intellegence, Preoperational Thought, Concrete Operations, and Formal Operations |
| Piaget's Sensorimotor period? | (birth to 2 years): Motor and reflex action |
| Piaget's Preoperational Thought period? | (2 to 7 years): Reorganization, language, Logic and Ego |
| Piaget's Concrete Operational period? | (7 to 11 years): Multiple dimentions, classifications, cooperation, systematic logic |
| Piaget's Formal Operational period? | (11 to adult): Organize work systematically in relation to all possibilities |
| Who focused on the concept of what you think is all important and can determine what you do and how you feel? | Albert Ellis |
| Children form ideas of the world to help them get by with others, but as adults, these ideas seem? | Irrational |
| Name the two Behaviorists. | Pavlov and B.F. Skinner |
| What Behaviorist theorized Conditioning? And what type of Conditioning? | Pavlov: Classical |
| What Behaviorist focused on Overt behavior? What did he feel had a major effect on behavior? | Skinner: Environment |
| Who felt that behavior occurs because it has been reinforced or is avoided because of negative consequences (+ or -)? | Skinner |
| This therapy is more short-term in nature and not insight oriented? | Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy |
| What does cognitive and behavioral therapy focus on? | Cognitive: How patient thinks about self and surroundings. Behavioral tries to change beliefs and actions |
| In cognitive behavioral therapy, the client learns to focus on alternatives to specific what? | Thoughts and actions |
| What could be a good thing to focus on with cognitive-behavioral therapy? | Homework assignment assigned by counselor. |
| What diseases can be limited with this type of treatment? | OCD with meds, Cutter's disease, Eating disorders, and phobias. |
| Would Cognitive Behavioral Therapy be useful for OCD in conjunction with medication? | Yes |
| The rationale that any person or (behavior) can be understood only if consideration is given to the society/culture of personis known. | Socioculture Therory |
| In socioculture theory, learned helplessness is = to_________________ | Powerlessness |
| The "powerlessness" identified in Sociocultural Theory is more common in? | Lower class, Uneducated, Women, Minorities, and those with Traditional Religious Values |
| The three preventions are? | Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary |
| Prevention of not starting at all? | Primary |
| Prevention of treating the symptoms? | Secondary |
| Prevention of treating with teaching and coping? | Tertiary |
| The father of Transactional Analysis? | Eric Berne |
| What theory did he the father of Transactional Analysis come up with? | Communication Therory |
| The Ego states of Transactional Analysis are as follows.... | Parent, Adult, and Child |
| Who is "Taught, " Who is "Learned," and who is "Felt." | Parent, Adult, Child |
| Who has the ingrained voice of authority? | Parent |
| Who has the ability to think and determine action for ourselves? | Adult |
| Who has the internal reaction and feelings to external events? | Child |
| The "Drama Triangle" cast? | Victim, Persecutor, and Rescuer |
| The "Drama Triangle" characteristic of? | Alcoholics and Co-dependents. |
| Co-Dependency means? | The need to be needed. |
| The Family System focuses on____________, rather than on the_______ of the family system? | Structure; Function |
| In a family system, what IS the system? | The Family |
| In the family system, who makes the subsystems? | Family Members |
| In the family system, who is the Supra-System? | Community |
| In a family system, who carries the symptoms of the family, though they not be the one with the most pathology? | The Identified Patient |
| In a family system, who learns the rolls they can carry into their adult lives? | Family Members |
| Healthy members in the Family System are able to conduct properly with what? | Family members and society. |
| In a dysfunctional family, members can keep_______________and obey_____________. | Secrets; Rules |
| The Biopsychophysiological Theory relies more on________________? | Labwork |
| The Biopsychophysiological theory looks to the__________? | Brain |
| In the brain, what are the Inhibitory? | Gaba and Glycine |
| In the brain, what is the excitatory? | NE, Glutamic acid |
Created by:
phimes
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