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퀴즈5
Geology100
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following best defines a mineral and a rock? | In a mineral the constituent atoms are bonded in a regular, repetitive, internal structure; a rock is a lithified or consolidated aggregate of different mineral grains. |
| Which of the following is NOT a fundamental particle found in atoms? | selectron |
| Atoms of the same element, zinc for example, have the same number of ________. | protons in the nucleus |
| Atoms that have an electrical charge due to a gain or loss of electrons are called ________. | ions |
| Which of the following is correct for isotopes of the same element? | The atoms have different numbers of neutrons and the same number of protons. |
| What mineral is the hardest known substance in nature? | diamond |
| Which carbonate mineral reacts readily with cool, dilute hydrochloric acid to produce visible bubbles of carbon dioxide gas? | calcite |
| Which common mineral is composed entirely of silicon and oxygen? | quartz |
| Which of the following minerals is a silicate? | feldspar |
| A cubic centimeter of quartz, olivine, and gold weighs 2.5, 3.0, and 19.8 grams respectively. This indicates that ________. | gold has a higher density and specific gravity than quartz and olivine |
| Which one of the following mineral groups exhibits a sheet-like silicate structure? | micas |
| The ion at the center of a silicon-oxygen tetrahedron is surrounded by ________. | four oxygen ions |
| The resistance of a mineral to abrasion is known as ________. | hardness |
| All silicate minerals contain which two elements? | silicon, oxygen |
| Which mineral is easily soluble in water at room temperature conditions? | halite |
| What element is the most abundant in the Earth's crust by weight? | oxygen |
| The strong tendency of certain minerals to break along smooth, parallel planes is known as ________. | cleavage |
| An atom's mass number is 13 and its atomic number is 6. How many neutrons are in its nucleus? | 7 |
| Which one of the following is NOT true for minerals? | They can be a liquid, solid, or glass. |
| Which group of minerals are the most abundant in the Earth's crust? | silicates |
| Which the following denotes the positively charged particles in an atom's nucleus? | protons |
| Which of the following has the highest specific gravity? | gold |
| Which of the following describes the light reflecting and transmission characteristics of a mineral? | luster |
| The most unreliable (variable) diagnostic property of minerals such as quartz is ________. | color |
| Which of the following is NOT one of the eight most common elements in the Earth's crust? | carbon |
| Mineral deposits which have been identified and can be extracted profitably are called ________. | reserves |
| Electron-atom-proton-neutron | atom |
| Hardness-streak-luster-cleavage | luster |
| Quartz-olivine-feldspar-calcite | calcite |
| Oxygen-sulfur-aluminum-iron | sulfur |
| All minerals exhibit cleavage. | False |
| Rocks are aggregates of two or more minerals. | True |
| Mineral luster is broadly classified as either being metallic or opaque. | False |
| Electrically neutral atoms have equal numbers of electrons and protons | True |
| Most minerals have a higher specific gravity than water. | True |
| In the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron, there are more silicon atoms than oxygen atoms. | False |
| More than 100 elements are currently known. | True |
| All atoms of the same element have the same atomic number. | True |
| A mineral can be composed entirely of one element. | True |
| Diamond and quartz are both minerals composed of a single element. | False |
| The micas, biotite and muscovite, both exhibit one direction of cleavage. | True |
| Nonmetallic minerals like halite and gypsum have no industrial uses. | False |
| Nearly 4000 minerals have been named. | True |
| Isotopes of the same element have the same mass number. | False |
| As the rate of cooling increases, the size of the crystals that form ________. | Decreases |
| Bowen's reaction series predicts the sizes of the different mineral grains that grow from crystallizing magmas. | True |
| Olivine and quartz are commonly found together in the same rock. | False |
| One magma can produce several different igneous rocks having different mineral compositions. | True |
| Basalt is the fine-grained equivalent of gabbro. | True |
| Glassy igneous rocks form when magma cools too fast for mineral grains to grow. | True |
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