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Waves Study Guide
Waves, transverse, longitudinal, compressional, electromagnetic, mechanical
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does opaque mean? | material that doesn't let light go through. |
| Give two examples of a an opaque material. | Black plastic, steel, wood |
| How do we see color? | We se light that is reflected off an object. The other colors are absorbed. |
| What is frequency? | number of wavelengths that pass a given point in 1 sec. |
| What is the unit for frequency? | Hertz |
| Define pitch. | How high or low a sound is. |
| What is an electromagnetic wave? | Waves that can travel through matter or space. |
| List the electromagnetic waves in order starting with radio. | radio - infrared - visible light - ultraviolet light - x-rays - gamma rays |
| What is loudness? | Human perception of how much energy a sound wave carries. |
| Define refraction | Bending of a wave as it moves from one medium into another. |
| What is rarefaction? | In a compressional wave = the area where molecules are further apart. |
| How do you find the wavelength of a transverse wave? | Measure the distance from crest to crest or trough to trough. |
| How do you find the wavelength of a compressional/longitudinal wave? | Measure the distance from the middle of one compression to the middle of the next compression. |
| Describe a concave mirror. | The surface is curved inward: causes light rays to come together. Reflected image is upside down. |
| Describe a convex mirror. | The surface is curve outward: causes light rays to spread out (diverge). Reflected image is right side up. |
| Describe a concave lens | Thicker at the edges = causes light rays to spread out (diverge) |
| Describe a convex lens | Thicker at the center = causes light rays to come together. |
| Define lens | Transparent object that has at least one curved surface that causes light to bend. |
| What is a mechanical wave? | A transverse or compressional wave that can only travel through matter. |
| Define translucent & give an example. | Allows only some light to pass. Example: frosted or stained glass. |
| What is a compression in a compressional wave? | Area where molecules are pushed closer together. |
| Define diffraction | Bending of waves around a barrier. |
| What does it mean to say a material is transparent? | Allows nearly all light to pass through. |
| What is wave interference? | The ability of waves to combine and form a new wave. |
| Define constructive interference. | A new wave with greater amplitude is formed. (bigger) |
| Define destructive interference. | A new wave with a smaller amplitude is formed. (smaller) |
| What is a compressional wave? | A type of mechanical wave in which the medium moves forward & backward along the direction of the wave. |
| Define reflection. | When a wave strikes an object/surface and bounces off. |
| How does the pitch of sound vary with frequency? | As the pitch increases, so does the frequency. |
| What happens when a wave goes through a small opening? | Waves will diffract or bend as it goes through through. |
| What happens when a wave moves from one medium to another? | They refract (bend or change directions) |
| What is a mechanical transverse wave and give an example | Wave energy causes matter in the medium to move up and down, perpendicular to the direction of the wave. example: sound |
| What is an electromagnetic transverse wave and give an example | Electric and magnetic fields move up & down perpendicular to the direction of the wave. Does NOT require a medium. |
| Define frequency | The number of waves passing a given point in 1 second. |
| Define amplitude | In a transverse wave = The amount of energy in a wave. 1/2 the distance between the crest and trough. |
| Which waves do NOT need a medium in which to travel? | Electromagnetic Waves (EM Spectrum) |
| How does the eye see an object? | We see light that is reflected off an object. The other colors are absorbed. |
| Why are some objects black? | They absorb all colors. |
| Why are some objects white? | They reflect all colors. |
| What is happening when you see a green object like a tree? | All the colors EXCEPT green are being absorbed. |
| What does 60 hertz (Hz) stand for in a wave? | A wave with a frequency of 60 wavelengths per second. |
| What is the relationship of wavelength to frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum? | As the wavelength increases, the frequency, decreases. |
| Define radio waves & what they are useful for. | A low energy part of the electromagnetic spectrum. They are used in cell phones and radio transmissions. |
| What kind of field do moving electrons produce? | magnetic |
| What are gamma rays used for? | Cancer treatment, killing bacteria in food |
| What determines the different colors of visible light? | The wavelength |
| What is pitch? | The highness or lowness of a sound |
| Give two examples of a mechanical wave. | Sound, Ocean, Earthquake (produces both transverse & compressional waves. |
Created by:
jeffrey.hutto
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