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DNA:The Code Of Life
Chapter 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nitrogen Bases | are molecules that contain nitrogen and other elements |
| DNA replication | is the process in which identical copy of DNA strand is formed for a new cell |
| What forms the genetic code | The order of the nitrogen bases along a gene forms a genetic code that specifies what type of protein will be produced |
| How does DNA copy itself | Because of the way the nitrogen bases pair up, the order of the bases in each new DNA strand exactly matches the order in the origianl DNA Strand |
| How does a cell make proteins | During protein synthesis the cell uses info from a gene on a chromosome to produce a specific protein |
| Messenger RNA | copies the message from the DNA in the nucleus and carries the message to the ribosome in the cytoplasm |
| Transfer RNA | carries amino acids to the ribosome and adds them to the growing protein |
| What are proteins made up of | Amino acids |
| Adenine to | Thymine |
| Guanine to | Cytosine |
| In RNA Adenine to | Uracil |
| How Can Mutations Affect an Organism | Mutations can cause a cell to produce a wrong protein |
| Mutation | is any change in the DNA of a gene or chromosome |
| How Is cancer related to Mutations and the cell cycle | Cancer begins when mutations disrupt the normal cell cycle causing cells to divide in an uncontrolled way |
| Cancer | is a disease in which cells grow and divide uncontrollably damaging the parts of the body around them |
| Tumor | is a mass of abnormal cells that develops when cells divide and grow uncontrollably |
| Chemotherapy | the use of drugs to treat a disease |
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