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Lesson 5 PT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Body system that moves body parts, generates body heat, & helps maintain posture. | muscular system |
| 3 types of muscle tissue | skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle |
| Muscles that pull on bones, causing body parts to move. | skeletal muscles |
| Muscles that form the walls of hollow organs, glands, & blood vessels. | smooth muscles |
| Muscle that causes your heart to beat. | cardiac muscle |
| Structures that attach skeletal muscles to bones. | tendons |
| Tearing of muscle tissue. (muscular sys dis) | muscle strain |
| Wasting away & weakening of muscle tissue. (muscular sys dis) | muscular atrophy |
| Genetic disease that causes muscle tissue to be replaced by fat. (muscular sys dis) | muscular dystrophy |
| Uncontrolled, painful contractions of muscle tissue. (muscular sys dis) | muscle spasms |
| Inflammation of tendons. (muscular sys dis) | tendonitis |
| Severe bruising of muscles due to torn blood vessels. (muscular sys dis) | hematoma |
| Body system that is made up of bones that work with skeletal muscles to move, provide shape, support body weight, protect organs, blood cells are formed & help keep balance of chemicals. | skeletal system |
| Connects bones to each other. (skeletal sys) | ligaments |
| Where bones are bound together by ligaments. (skeletal sys) | joints |
| Three major types of joints. (skeletal sys) | fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial |
| Joints that allow no or very slight amounts of movement, connected by dense connective tissue. ex: skull bones (skeletal sys) | fibrous joints |
| Joints connected by rubbery tissue called cartilage that allow more movement. ex: spine (skeletal sys) | cartilaginous joints |
| Joints that are complex and allow the most movement. ex: arms, legs | synovial joints |
| Breaks in bones. (skeletal sys dis) | fractures |
| Inflammation of joints (swelling & dissue destrution) (skele sys dis) | arthritis |
| Tightening of joints causing limited movement. (skele sys dis) | contractures |
| Surgical replacement of joint surfaces. (skele sys dis) | joint replacement |
| Removal of an arm or a leg because of injury or disease. (skele sys dis) | amputations |
| Tearing of ligaments. (skele sys dis) | sprains |
| Thinning of bone tissue. (skele sys dis) | osteoporosis |
| Abnormal sideways curves in the spine. (skele sys dis) | scoliosis |
| The body system that gathers & sends informations to the spinal cord & then to the brain, where it is processed & decisions are made, signals sent back out to other parts of the body. | nervous system |
| Nerve cells. (nervous system) | sensory neurons |
| Gather information about what is going on outside/inside the body. (end of sensory neurons) (nervous system) | sensory receptors |
| Carries signals back from the brain to other parts of the body. (nervous system) | motor neurons |
| Bundles of neurons. (nervous system) | nerves |
| Nerves that enter and leave the spinal cord. (nervous system) | spinal nerves |
| Nerves that enter and leave the brain. (nervous system) | cranial nerves |
| Brain and spinal cord make up the ...... (nervous system) | central nervous system |
| All nerves outside the brain and spinal cord make up the ...... (nervous system) | peripheral nervous system |
| Thinking/remembering/problem solving/speaking (nervous system) | cognitive skills |
| Injury to the brain due to an accident. (difficulty moving, speaking & thinking) (nervous sys dis) | traumatic brain injury (TBI) |
| Injury to the spinal cord results in paralysis (inability to move)& lack of feeling below the level of injury. (nerv sys dis) | spinal cord injury (SCI) |
| Blockage of blood flow in the brain due to a blood clot or ruptured blood vessel. Usually causes some degree of paralysis. (nerv sys dis) | stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) |
| Disorders of balance & posture. (nerv sys dis) | vestibular disorders |
| Scarring of nerve cells causing problems with movement and sensation. (nerv sys dis) | multiple sclerosis (MS) |
| Lack of chemical messenger called dopamine, causing tremors & other problems with movement. (nerv sys dis) | Parkinson's disease |
| Damage to the brain of an infant or young child causing muscles to be to stiff or too relaxed. (often mental retardation as well) (nerv sys dis) | Cerebral palsy |
| Tissue of the spinal cord pokes out through the bones in the back causing paralysis of some muscles. (nerv sys dis) | spina bifida |
| Problems with motor coordination & balance in children. (nerv sys dis) | developmental coordination disorder |
| Body system that controls internals secretions. | endocrine system |
| Structures in the endocrine system that secrete chemicals directly into the blood stream. | glands |
| Chemicals that travel around the body in the blood; controlling how fast chemical reactions occur, get substances to cells, regulate amount of chemicals, affect blood pressure, affect growth/development, reproduction, ect. (endocrine sys) | hormones |
| Too high blood sugar levels due to problems with the hormone insulin, secreted by the pancreas, causing organ damage/tissue breakdown/severe dehydration. (endo sys dis) | diabetes |
| Too low blood sugar levels sometimes due to excessive amount of insulin; causing weakness, confusion, increased heart rate, headache. (endo sys dis) | hypoglycemia |
| The thyroid gland secretes too much thyroxine, causing a speeding up of the bodys chemical reactions; weight loss, fatigue, weakness, diarrhea, vomiting. (endo sys dis) | hyperthyroidism |
| The thyroid gland secretes to little thyroxine causing a slowing down of the body's chemical reactions; weight gain, fatigue, weakness, depression, muscle pain, slowing down of thinking skills. (endo sys dis) | hypothyroidism |
| The adrenal gland secretes to much of it several hormones causing loss of muscle/bone tissue, weight gain, weakness, memory loss, high blood pressure, heart problems. (endo sys dis) | Cushing's disease |
| The adrenal gland secretes too little of its several hormones, causing wight loss, exhaustion, nausea, vomiting, heart problems, depression. (endo sys dis) | Addison's disease |
| Excessive production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid gland causing fatigue, weakness, kidney problems, poor memory, weakening of bones, nausea & vomiting. (endo sys dis) | hyperparathyroidism |
| Decreased production of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid gland causing disturbances in the amount of calcium in the blood, muscle spasms, seizures. (endo sys dis) | hypoparathyroidism |
| Body system that carries blood to & from the heart...consists of: heart/blood vessels/blood | circulatory system |
| Three types of blood vessels. (circu. sys) | arteries - carry blood away from the heart veins - carry blood to the heart capillaries - tiny blood vessels that form bridges between arteries & veins |
| Muscle that contracts to send blood throughout the body. (circu. sys) | cardiac muscle |
| Areas of hospitals devoted to patients with heart problems. | cardiac unit |
| Blockage of the vessels that supply blood to the heart muscle. (circ sys dis) | coronary artery disease |
| Lack of oxygen to the heart muscle causing death to some of the tissue; heart attack. (circ sys dis) | myocardial infarction (MI) |
| Inability of the heart to pump enough blood to supply what the body needs. (circ sys dis) | congestive heart failure |
| Blood pushes against the walls of the blood vessels with too much force. (circ sys dis) | hypertension (high blood pressure) |
| Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries, increasing the risk of blood clots. (circ sys dis) | arteriosclerosis |
| Disturbances of the rate or rhythm of contraction of the heart muscle. (circ sys dis) | arrhythmias |
| Problems with valves between the chambers of the heart. (circ sys dis) | valvular heart disease |
| A defect of the heart present at birth. (circ sys dis) | congenital heart disease |
| Body system that works with the circulatory system to keep the amount of water in your body just right and helps you fight off germs that cause disease. | lymphatic system |
| Body parts that make up the lymphatic system. | lymphatic vessels/lymph nodes/thymus/spleen/tonsils/Peyer's patches |
| Travel alongside circulatory vessels to carry fluid that drains into 2 large veins. (lymph) | lymphatic vessels |
| Clumps of disease fighting cells placed strategically throughout the body. (lymph) | lymph nodes |
| Organ in upper chest, contains white blood cells that help to keep the body free from infection. (lymph) | thymus |
| Organ in the abdomen that contains white blood cells that help to keep the body free from infection. (lymph) | spleen |
| Organ in the back of the throat/contains white blood cells/helps fight against infection. (lymph) | tonsils |
| Lymphatic tissue in small intestine/contains white blood cells/helps fight against infection. (lymph) | Peyer's patches |
| Infection of the lymph nodes, usually with enlargement of the nodes in the neck, under the arm, or groin area. (lymph sys dis) | lymphadenitis |
| Infection of the lyphatic vessels, along with the nodes. Dangerous infection/prompt treatment. (lymph sys dis) | lymphangitis |
| Edema of tissues caused by problems with the lymphatic system. Tissues swell because fluids are not draining properly. (lymph sys dis) | lymphedema |
| An absent or depressed response to exposure to germs, causing frequent severe illnesses. (lymph sys dis) | immunodeficiency disorders |
| An abnormal response to exposure to some substances. (lymph sys dis ) | allergies |
| The science that studies the structure of the body. | anatomy |
| The science that studies the function of the human body. | physiology |
| The basic unit of matter. | atom |
| Two or more atoms come together to form larger particles called _______. | molecules |
| The working parts of the cell, made up by molecules. | organelles |
| Most basic functional unit in the body. | cell |
| Groups of similar cells organized into layers or masses. | tissues |
| Tissue groups together to form __________ which are structures that have special jobs. | organs |
| Groups of organs work together in ____________. | organ systems |
| Grouping all the organ systems together makes up an _______________. | organism |
| Four major types of tissues in the body. | muscle/nervous/epithelial/connective |
| Tissues that allow you to move. | muscle tissues |
| Tissues that tell muscles when to move. | nervous tissues |
| Tissues that line or cover other structures. (skin, mucous membranes) | Epithelial tissues |
| Tissues that provide support & protection. (bone,cartilage,blood) | connective tissue |
Created by:
sabrinaharbour
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