Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
goniometry LE
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mandibular Opening (Depression) ROM | 40-50mm |
| Mandibular Opening (Depression) Measurement | measure with ruler in mm. between the incisors. OK to be diagonal |
| Mandibular Opening (Depression) Stabilize | Posterior aspect of head to prevent flexion, extension, lateral flexion, or rotation of the spine |
| Protrusion ROM | 3-10mm |
| Protrusion measurement | Measure the distance between the lower central incisors and the upper central incisors. |
| Protrusion Stabilize | Posterior aspect of head to prevent flexion, extension, lateral flexion, or rotation of the spine (as needed) |
| Lateral Deviation ROM | 10-15mm |
| Lateral Deviation Measurement | Measure the distance between the center of the superior incisors and the center of the inferior incisors. |
| Lateral Deviation Stabilize | Posterior aspect of the head to prevent flexion, extension, lateral flexion, or rotation of the spine (as needed) |
| Cervical Flexion ROM | 0-50 |
| Cervical Flexion Position | Sitting with trunk well supported; hands in lap;(ideally, sit in high back chair) |
| Cervical Flexion Axis | External auditory meatus |
| Cervical Flexion Stationary arm | Parallel or perpendicular to the floor |
| Cervical Flexion moving arm | Parallel to the inferior edge of the nose |
| Cervical Flexion Stabilize | trunk |
| Cervical Flexion Precautions | Prevent trunk rotation Prevent neck rotation and lateral flexion Mouth is closed |
| Cervical Extension/ Hyperextension ROM | EXT:50-0, Hyper:0-60 |
| Cervical Extension/ Hyperextension positon;axis;stationary arm;moving arm; | Same as flexion |
| Cervical Extension/ Hyperextension Stabalize | trunk and shoulder girdle |
| Cervical Extension/ Hyperextension Precautions | Prevent trunk extension Prevent neck lateral flexion and rotation |
| Cervical Rotation ROM | 0-80 |
| Cervical Rotation position | sitting with trunk supported and hands resting in lap (ideally, chair has a back support) |
| Cervical Rotation axis | Over the center of the top of the head |
| Cervical Rotation Stationary arm | In line with the acromion process |
| Cervical Rotation Moving arm | In line with the tip of the nose |
| Cervical Rotation Stabilize | The trunk and shoulder girdle |
| Cervical Rotation Precautions | Prevent trunk rotation Keep neck in transverse plane |
| Cervical Lateral Flexion ROM | 0-45 |
| Cervical Lateral Flexion position | Sitting with trunk supported and hands in lap |
| Cervical Lateral Flexion Axis | Spinous process of c7 |
| Cervical Lateral Flexion Stationary arm | thoracic spinous processes |
| Cervical Lateral Flexion Moving arm | External occipital protuberance (or dorsal midline of head) |
| Cervical Lateral Flexion Stabilize | Upper trunk and shoulder girdle |
| Cervical Lateral Flexion Precautions | Prevent shoulder elevation on test side Prevent upper trunk lateral flexion to test side |
| Cervical Lateral Flexion anterior method | Use sternal notch, manubrium, and midline of face/nose as landmarks |
| Thoracic and lumber flexion ROM | 10cm |
| Thoracic and lumber flexion Starting | Spinous process of c7 and s2 (mark with pen) |
| Thoracic and lumber flexion Ending | Have pt complete flexion and use same landmarks |
| Thoracic and lumber flexion measurements | Subtract 2nd measurment from 1st Alt Method: finger tip to floor: measure end position. |
| Thoracic and lumber flexion stabilize | pelvis and hips |
| Thoracic and lumber flexion Precautions | Prevent increased hip flexion Prevent anterior tilt Allow for cervical vertebral flexion |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Extension/ Hyperextension ROM | 5cm |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Extension/ Hyperextension position | Same as flexion |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Extension/ Hyperextension Starting | Same as flexion; c7to s2 |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Extension/ Hyperextension Ending | Have pt complete extension and use same landmarks; have pt place hands on buttocks, then extend |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Extension/ Hyperextension Stabalize | Same as flexion |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Extension/ Hyperextension Precautions | Prevent an increase in hip joint extension Prevent posterior pelvic tilt prevent trunk rotation |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Lateral Flexion ROM | compare one side to the other in mm |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Lateral Flexion position | standing with feet hips-width apart |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Lateral Flexion starting | Tip of middle finger to floor (at lateral maleolus) |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Lateral Flexion ending | Measurement the difference in mm following lateral flexion |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Lateral Flexion stabalize | Pelvis |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Lateral Flexion Precautions | Avoid trunk flexion, extension, and rotation Prevent tilting of pelvis |
| Thoracic and Lumbar Lateral Flexion Alt method | S2 (fulcrum), stationary arm: perpendicular to the floor, moving arm: c7 |
| Thoracic and Lumbar (Thoracolumbar) Rotation ROM | 0-35 |
| Thoracic and Lumbar (Thoracolumbar) Rotation Position | Sitting with feet flat on floor |
| Thoracic and Lumbar (Thoracolumbar) Rotation Axis | over the center of the cranial aspect of the head |
| Thoracic and Lumbar (Thoracolumbar) Rotation Stationary Arm | Imaginary line between the iliac crests |
| Thoracic and Lumbar (Thoracolumbar) Rotation Moving arm | Imaginary line between the two acromion processes |
| Thoracic and Lumbar (Thoracolumbar) Rotation Stabalize | Pelvis to prevent rotation |
| Thoracic and Lumbar (Thoracolumbar) Rotation Precautions | Prevent pelvic rotation |
| Hip Flexion ROM | 0-125 |
| Hip Flexion position | Supine with contralateral hip and knee extended on table |
| Hip Flexion Axis | Lateral aspect of hip, slightly anterior and superior to greater trochanter |
| Hip Flexion Stationary arm | Parallel to the trunk in line with the greater trochanter |
| Hip Flexion Moving Arm | Lateral midline of the femur towards lateral epicondyle |
| Hip Flexion Stabilize | Pelvis |
| Hip Flexion Precautions | Allow the knee (on the test side) to flex to prevent stretching of the hamstrings Keep opposite LE flat on table to prevent posterior pelvic tilt Avoid lumbosacral motion |
| Hip Extension ROM | 0-125, hyperextension;0-20 |
| Hip Extension position | Prone with contralateral hip and knee extended on table |
| Hip Extension Axis | Lateral aspect of hip, slightly anterir and superior to the greater trochanter (same as flexion) |
| Hip Extension Stationary arm | Parallel to the trunk in line with the greater trochanter |
| Hip Extension Moving arm | Lateral midline of femur towards lateral epicondyle |
| Hip Extension Stabilize | Pelvis and lumbar vertebrae |
| Hip Extension Precautions | keep knee (on the test side) extended to prevent stretch of the rectus femoris muscle Avoid lumbosacral extension (maintain ASIS on the table) |
| Hip Internal Rotation ROM | 0-45 |
| Hip Internal Rotation Position | sitting with knee flexed over the edge of table, towel roll under distal femur |
| Hip Internal Rotation Axis | Anterior mid pattella |
| Hip Internal Rotation Stationary arm | Parallel to the table or perpendicular to the floor |
| Hip Internal Rotation Moving arm | Crest of the tibia to midway between the malleoli |
| Hip Internal Rotation Stabalize | Distal end of thigh |
| Hip Internal Rotation Precaution | Avoid rotation and lateral tilting of pelvis to the same side Prevent pelvis from lifting off of the table In sitting, prevent contralateral trunk flexion Prevent adduction of the hip |
| Hip External Rotation ROM | 0-45 |
| Hip External Rotation Positon;axis;stationary arm;moving arm;stabilize | Same as Internal Rotation |
| Hip External Rotation Precautions | Avoid rotation and lateral tilting of pelvis to the opposite side Avoid hip flexion or abduction Prevent ipsilateral trunk flexion or rotation |
| Knee Flexion ROM | 0-140 |
| Knee Flexion position | supine |
| Knee Flexion axis | Lateral epicondyle of femur |
| Knee Flexion stationary arm | Lateral midline of femur in line with the greater trochanter |
| Knee Flexion moving arm | lateral midline of fibula toward the lateral malleolus |
| Knee Flexion stabalize | thigh |
| Knee Flexion precautions | Prevent hip rotation and extension Keep hip joint flexed to prevent stretching of the rectus femoris |
| Knee Extension ROM | 140-0 |
| Knee Extension position;axis;stationary arm; moving arm; stabilize | Same as flexion |
| Knee Extension precautions | Prevent hip rotation and flexion |
| Ankle Dorsiflexion ROM | 0-20 |
| Ankle Dorsiflexion Position | sitting with knee flexed to 90* or supine or prone with knee extended |
| Ankle Dorsiflexion axis | lateral maleolus, (distal to lateral malleolus |
| Ankle Dorsiflexion stationary arm | lateral midline of the fibula towards fibular head |
| Ankle Dorsiflexion Moving arm | Lateral midline of the calcanues |
| Ankle Dorsiflexion Stabalize | LE |
| Ankle Dorsiflexion Precautions | Prevent hip and knee motions Avoid inversin and eversion Keep knee flexed to prevent stretching of gastrocnemius |
| Ankle Plantarflexion ROM | 0-50 |
| Ankle Plantarflexion Position | sitting |
| Ankle Plantarflexion axis;stationary arm;moving arm;stabalize | Same as Dorsiflexion |
| Ankle Plantarflexion Precautions | Prevent IV and EV of the foot |
| Mid Tarsal Joint Eversion ROM | 0-15 |
| Mid Tarsal Joint Eversion position | Supine with knee extended-or-sitting with knee flexed to 90* |
| Mid Tarsal Joint Eversion Axis | dorsal surface; midway between malleoli |
| Mid Tarsal Joint Eversion stationary arm | crest of the tibia in line with the tibial tuberosity |
| Mid Tarsal Joint Eversion moving arm | anterior midline of 2nd metatarsal |
| Mid Tarsal Joint Eversion stabalize | anterior midline of lower leg |
| Mid Tarsal Joint Eversion Precautions | prevent hip medial rotation and abduction Allow ankle DF |
| Midtarsal Joint Inversion ROM | 0-35 |
| Midtarsal Joint Inversion Position | Supine with knee extended-or-sitting with knee flexed to 90* |
| Midtarsal Joint Inversion Axis | dorsal surface; midway between malleoli |
| Midtarsal Joint Inversion Stationary arm | crest of the tibia in line with the tibial tuberosity |
| Midtarsal Joint Inversion Moving arm | anterior midline of 2nd metatarsal |
| Midtarsal Joint Inversion stabalize | anterior midline of lower leg |
| Midtarsal Joint Inversion precautions | Allow ankle PF |
| Subtalor Joint Inversion ROM | 0-5 |
| Subtalor Joint Inversion position | Prone with hip and knee extended |
| Subtalor Joint Inversion Axis | posterior aspect of the ankle midway between the malleoli |
| Subtalor Joint Inversion Stationary arm | Midline of posterior lower leg |
| Subtalor Joint Inversion moving arm | midline of posterior calcaneus |
| Subtalor Joint Inversion stabilize | lower leg as needed |
| Subtalor Joint Inversion Precautions | Prevent hip rotation Prevent ankle dorsiflexion, planterflexion, supinaton, pronation |
| Subtalar Joint Eversion ROM | 0-5 |
| Subtalar Joint Eversion position | Prone with hip and knee extended |
| Subtalar Joint Eversion Axis | Posterior aspect of ankle midway between malleoli |
| Subtalar Joint Eversion Stationary arm | Midline of posterior lower leg |
| Subtalar Joint Eversion Moving arm | Midline of posterior calcaneus |
| Subtalar Joint Eversion Stabilize | lower leg as needed |
| Subtalar Joint Eversion Precautions | Prevent hip rotation Prevent ankle dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, supination, pronation |
| 1st MTP Flexion/ Extension ROM | Flex:0-30; Ext:0-50 |
| 1st MTP Flexion/ Extension Position | Any comfortable position, ankle in neutral dorsiflexion/ plantarflexion |
| 1st MTP Flexion/ Extension Axis | Dorsal aspect of the MTP joint |
| 1st MTP Flexion/ Extension Stationary arm | Dorsal surface of shaft of first metatarsal |
| 1st MTP Flexion/ Extension Moving arm | Dorsal surface of the shaft of proximal phalanx |
| 1st MTP Flexion/ Extension Stabilize | Metatarsals |
| 1st MTP Flexion/ Extension Precautions | Prevent ankle PF Allow lateral toes to flex |
| IP Flexion ROM | Varies |
| IP Flexion Position | Any comfortable position, ankle in neutral dorsiflexion/ plantarflexion |
| IP Flexion Axis | Dorsal aspect of IP joint |
| IP Flexion Stationary arm | Dorsal midline of proximal phalanx |
| IP Flexion Moving arm | Dorsal midline of the distal phalanx |
| IP Flexion Stabilize | Proximal phalanges and metatarsals |
| IP Flexion Precautions | Prevent ankle and forefoot motion |
Created by:
ellistoddchristopher
Popular Physical Science sets