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Developmental Test
Chapter 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Temperament | - Personality characteristics that we are born with. -Characteristics are stable overtime and consistent. -Chess & Thomas determined 9 behavioral traits -Cultural differences Stability of temperament |
| Emotion | -Basic emotions -Differentiating -Facial expression used to determine emotional state. -Can't just rely on facial expression -Critics -Other emotions develop as child develops. |
| Emotional Relationship | -Relationship seems to change when bay crawls. -Campos&Colleagues -Attachment -Maccoby(1980) -Social referencing |
| Caregiver- Child Relationship | Freud's Drive- reduction Theory -Biological drives -Erikson's Psychological theory 1st stage: trust vs.mistrust 2nd stage: autonomy vs. shame/doubt |
| Bowlby's Ethological theory | -Detachment -Stages of attachment -Preattachment phase -"Attachment-in -the-making" phase -Reciprocal relationship phase |
| Animal Experiments & Attachment | -Harlow's rhesus monkeys -Looked at what contributes to and why we attach |
| Ainsworth's Strange Situation | Types of attachment: -Secure attachment -Anxious/resistant attachment -Anxious/avoidant attachment -Disorganized/disoriented attachment |
| Influences of attachment | -Parental development -Characteristics of the child -Family influence -Cultural influence |
| Parental Behavior | -Ainsworth & Bell -Sensitivity to child's needs important -Not all research supports -Only modest correlation |
| Characteristics of the Child | -Infants temperament important? -Not clear how much effect it had on attachment |
| Family Influence | -Problems in family can effect attachment |
| Cultural Influence | -How much cultural influence? -Attachment is universal, but measurements may differ -Trend for all to become attached, but each culture has differences in display of problems with attachment. |
| Sense of Self | -Gallup self-recognition task -When do we recognize self in the mirror -Shows a change in memory or needed for a change in memory -Sense of standard -Expectations -Secondary emotions -Shame, guilt, pride, embarrassment |
| Father & Attachment | -Fathers sensitivity can predict attachment security -Mother's and father's play differently -Mother -gentle play -Father -highly physical |
| Communication | -Babbling -Jargoning -Deaf children |
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