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IOS 11 Exam 2
Emerging Infectious Disease
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| E Coli 0154-HT- enterohemmorrhagic (EHEC) | Gram - Rod, lactose fermenting Produces a Shiga toxin |
| Presentations of EHEC | 91% bloody diarrhea,3-5 % present with HUS Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, ARF, thrombocytopenia |
| EHEC is spread via | Foodborne (52%), Person to person (14%), Waterborne (14%), Animal contact (3%) |
| Clinical manidestations | Incubation 3-5 days, abdominal pain, fever, bloody diarrhea, IF HUS presents 5-10 days after onset of inital symptoms |
| Diagnosis and treatment of EHEC | Treatment is supportive, fluids, for HUS dialysis |
| SARS is from | ssRNA corona virus |
| SARS is transmitted via | Droplets, respiratory, contact, environmental (superspeader) must isolate patients |
| Reservoir for SARS | palm Cicit or bats |
| SARS has a 2 stage illiness | Incubation 2-7 days, Prodrome (Flu symptoms), Respiratory phase- 3-7 days marked by non-productive cough, SOB, can progress to ARD |
| Diagnosis of SAR | Elisa, PCR, viral culture |
| Treatment for SARS | NO current recommendation- INF alpha inhibits SAR in vitra, Inhaled NO, Licorice, pooled convalescent plasma |
| INF alpha MOA | Immunomodulating increase macrophages, NK cells, antiproliferative (HBV, HCV) |
| West nile virus presents as | musclar weakness, Fatigue, HA, fever |
| West nile characteristics | Incubation 3-5 days, abdominal pain, fever, bloody diarrhea, IF HUS presents 5-10 days after onset of inital symptoms |
| West nile virus vectors | Treatment is supportive, fluids, for HUS dialysis |
| 80% of patients of infected patients are | asymptomatic- or sel-limiting febrile, HA, malaise, mental confusion generally last 3-6 days rash occurs in 50% of patients |
| Lab analysis of west nile | WBC elevated, increase in lymphocytes, protein and glucose |
| Neuroinvasive west nile disease | 1 in 150 can present with 3 different forms of neurological disease 1. meningitis, encephalitis, flaccid paralysis- 10% mortality and long-term disability is not uncommon |
| Diagnosis of west nile virus | Incubation 2-7 days, Prodrome (Flu symptoms), Respiratory phase- 3-7 days marked by non-productive cough, SOB, can progress to ARD |
| Treatment of West nile virus | Supportive care- INF & Ribavirin (Clinical trials- IVIG, AVI-4020 |
| Ribavirin MOA | Nucelodise antimetabolite that interferes with duplication of viral genetic material active against both DNA and RNA (required phosphorylation) |
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liza001
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