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Chapter 8 - PS

Chapter 8 Vocabulary - Work and Machines

WordDefinition
work the transfer of energy to an object by using a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force
joule the unit used to express energy; equivalent to the amount of work done by s force of 1 N acting through a distance of 1 m in the direction of the force (symbol, J)
power the rate at which work is done or energy is transformed
watt the unit used to express power; equivalent to joules per second (symbol, W)
machine a device that helps do work by either overcoming a force or changing the direction the applied force
work input the work done on a machine; the product of the input force and the distance through which the force is exerted
work output the work done by a machine; the product of the output force and the distance through which the force is exerted
mechanical advantage a number that tells how many times a machine multiplies a force
mechanical efficiency a quantity, usually expressed as a percentage, that measures the ratio of work output to work input; it can be calculated by dividing work output by work input
lever a simple machine that consists of a bar that pivots at a fixed point called a fulcrum
pulley a simple machine that consists of a wheel over which a rope, chain, or wire passes
wheel and axle a simple machine consisting of two circular objects of different sizes; the wheel is the larger of the two circular objects
inclined plane a simple machine that is a straight, slanted surface, which facilitates the raising of loads; a ramp
wedge a simple machine that is made up of two inclined planes and that moves; often used for cutting
screw a simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder
compound machine a machine made of more than one simple machine
Created by: kgatling
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