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Waves
Different types of waves and sounds
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| wave | rythmic disturbance that carries energy through matter or space |
| medium | a material through which a wave transfers energy |
| wavelength | the distance between a point on one wave and the identical point on the next wave |
| amplitude | the distance from the crest point to the rest point in a wave |
| frequency | the number of compressions that pass through a given point in a second |
| frequency is measured in this unit | hertz |
| transverse waves | waves that move at right angles to the medium |
| compressional wave | when the matter vibrates in the same direction as the medium |
| compressional wave consits of two main areas | compression and rarefaction |
| four components of a wave | wavelengths, frequencies, amplitudes, velocities |
| frequencies above 20,000 hertz | ultrasonic |
| frequencies below 20 hertz | infrasonic |
| loudness | the human perception of sound intensity |
| noise | no set pattern or definite pitch |
| resonance | when sound reaches an object at the same frequency as the object's natural frequency, the object will the begin to vibrate |
| quality | describes the differences among sounds of the same pitch and loudness |
| interference | ability of two or more waves to combine and form a new wave |
| constuctive interference | compressions of different waves which arrive at the same place at the same time |
| destructive interference | compressions of one wave which arrives with a rarefaction of another wave |
| reverbation | the effect produced by many reflections of sound |
| acoustics | the study of sound |
| natural frequency | when waves reflect back and forth between ends |
| crest | highest point of a wave |
| trough | lowest point of a wave |