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PSY 1003 C5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alcohol | A variety of beverages containing ethyl alcohol. |
| Biological rhythms | Periodic fluctuations in physiological functioning. |
| Cannabis | The hemp plant from which marijuana, hashish, and THC are derived. |
| Circadian rhythms | The 24hour biological cycles found in humans and many other species. |
| Consciousness | One’s awareness of internal and external stimuli. Includes the awareness of external events, internal sensations, the 'self', and the thoughts about experiences. |
| Dissociation | A splitting off of mental processes into two separate, simultaneous streams of awareness. |
| Electrocardiograph (EKG) | A device that records the contractions of the heart. |
| Electroencephalograph (EEG) | A device that monitors the electrical activity of the brain over time by means of recording electrodes attached to the surface of the scalp. |
| Electromyograph (EMG) | A device that records muscular activity and tension. |
| Electrooculograph (EOG) | A device that records eye movements. |
| Hallucinogens | A diverse group of drugs that have powerful effects on mental and emotional functioning, marked most prominently by distortions in sensory and perceptual experience. |
| Hypnosis | A systematic procedure that typically produces a heightened state of suggestibility. |
| Insomnia | Chronic problems in getting adequate sleep. |
| Latent content | According to Freud, the hidden or disguised meaning of the events in a dream. |
| Manifest content | According to Freud, the plot of a dream at a surface level. |
| MDMA | A compound drug related to both amphetamines and hallucinogens, especially mescaline; commonly called “ecstasy.” |
| Meditation | A family of mental exercises in which a conscious attempt is made to focus attention in a non analytical way. |
| Narcolepsy | A disease marked by sudden and irresistible onsets of sleep during normal waking periods. |
| Narcotics (opiates) | Drugs derived from opium that are capable of relieving pain. |
| Non REM (NREM) sleep | Sleep stages 1 through 4, which are marked by an absence of rapid eye movements, relatively little dreaming, and varied EEG activity. |
| Opiates | Drugs derived from opium that are capable of relieving pain.See also Narcotics. |
| Physical dependence | The condition that exists when a person must continue to take a drug to avoid withdrawal illness. |
| Psychoactive drugs | Chemical substances that modify mental, emotional, or behavioral functioning. |
| Psychological dependence | The condition that exists when a person must continue to take a drug in order to satisfy intense mental and emotional craving for the drug. |
| REM sleep | A deep stage of sleep marked by rapid eye movements, high frequency brain waves, and dreaming. |
| Sedatives | Sleep inducing drugs that tend to decrease central nervous system activation and behavioral activity. |
| Sleep apnea | A sleep disorder characterized by frequent reflexive gasping for air that awakens the sleeper and disrupts sleep. |
| Slow wave sleep | Sleep stages 3 and 4, during which low frequency delta waves become prominent in EEG recordings. |
| Somnambulism | Arising and walking about while remaining asleep; sleepwalking. |
| Stimulants | Drugs that tend to increase central nervous system activation and behavioral activity. |
| Tolerance | A progressive decrease in a person’s responsiveness to a drug. |
| Stroop Test | A test of reaction time. Blue, might be printed in blue font, it may be red. Green might be orange etc. |
| Disruption of Circadian Rhythms | Jet lag, and inferior sleep. Negative impact on productivity. |
| Realigning Circadian Rhythms | Small doses of the hormone melatonin which regulates the human biological clock. |
| Microsleeping | Falling asleep for brief intervals of time at random and often unsafe times. |
| Selective Deprivation | When individuals cannot fall into REM sleep, just NREM. |
| Opinions About Dreams | Freud saw dreams as wish fulfillment. Cartwright saw 'the problem-solving view'. Hobson had the activation-synthesis model. |
| Types of Brain Waves | Beta (13-24 cycles per second), Alpha (8-12cps), Theta (4-7cps), and Delta (under 4cps) |
| NON REM Sleepers | Dolphins and some whales. |
| Common Themes of Dreams | Chased or pursued, sexual experiences, falling, being late, school, and almost falling. |
| Day Residue | The 'spilling over' of reality into dreamland. |
| Activation-Synthesis Model | Proposes that dreams are side effects of the neural activation that produces the beta brain waves during REM sleep that are associated with wakefulness. |
| Relaxation/Meditation | May have ability to reduce effects of stress. |
| Reward Pathway | A pathway from the midbrain to the prefrontal cortex that releases dopamine. |
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