behavior that violates significant social norms.

a mark of disgrace that sets the deviant apart from the rest of society.

the social scientists who study criminal behavior.

views deviance as the natural outgrowth of the values,norms,and structure of society.

the situation that arises when the norms of society are unclear or no longer applicable.

explains deviance as a natural occurrence

cultural transmission theory

explains deviance as a learned behavior.

differential association

refers to the frequency and closeness of associations a person has with deviant and nondeviant individuals.

techniques of neutralization

suspending moral beliefs to commit deviant acts

focuses on how individuals come to be labeled as deviant.

noncomformity that goes undetermined by those in authority

noncomformity that results in the individuals who commit acts of secondary deviance being labeled as deviant and accepting that label as true.

the proccess of labeling an individual as deviant.

a conflict theorist says that the ruling classes label any behavior that threatens their power base as deviant

a leading control theorist who believes that people develop strong social bonds in four ways

proposed the concept of differential association and suggested that the learning of deviant behavior occurs in primary groups

labeling theorist who notes that all people commit deviant acts during their lives.

suggests that this is because deviance has two types: primary and secondary

developed the theory about degradation ceremony.

any act that is labeled as such by those in authority, is prohibited by law, and is punishable by the government.

the threat or actual use of violence to achieve political goals.

crime that is commited by an individual or individuals of high social status in course of their professional lives

large scale organization of professional criminals that controls some vice or business through violence or the threat of violence.

criminal justice system

the system of police, courts, and corrections.

the power held by police officers to decide who is actually arrested.

the practice of assuming nonwhite Americans are more likely to commit crimes than white Americans

process of legal negotiation that allows an accused person to plead guilty to a lesser charge in return for a lighter sentence

sanctions such as imprisonment, parole, and probation used to punish criminals

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Tori Brown ch. 8

Question	Answer
deviance	behavior that violates significant social norms.
stigma	a mark of disgrace that sets the deviant apart from the rest of society.
criminologists	the social scientists who study criminal behavior.
strain theory	views deviance as the natural outgrowth of the values,norms,and structure of society.
anomie	the situation that arises when the norms of society are unclear or no longer applicable.
control theory	explains deviance as a natural occurrence
cultural transmission theory	explains deviance as a learned behavior.
differential association	refers to the frequency and closeness of associations a person has with deviant and nondeviant individuals.
techniques of neutralization	suspending moral beliefs to commit deviant acts
labeling theory	focuses on how individuals come to be labeled as deviant.
primary deviance	noncomformity that goes undetermined by those in authority
secondary deviance	noncomformity that results in the individuals who commit acts of secondary deviance being labeled as deviant and accepting that label as true.
degradation ceremony	the proccess of labeling an individual as deviant.
Robert K. Merton	developed the strain theory
Richard Quinney	a conflict theorist says that the ruling classes label any behavior that threatens their power base as deviant
Travis Hirschi	a leading control theorist who believes that people develop strong social bonds in four ways
Edwin Sutherland	proposed the concept of differential association and suggested that the learning of deviant behavior occurs in primary groups
Edwin Lemert	labeling theorist who notes that all people commit deviant acts during their lives.
Howard Becker	suggests that this is because deviance has two types: primary and secondary
Harold Garfinkel	developed the theory about degradation ceremony.
crime	any act that is labeled as such by those in authority, is prohibited by law, and is punishable by the government.
terrorism	the threat or actual use of violence to achieve political goals.
white collar crime	crime that is commited by an individual or individuals of high social status in course of their professional lives
crime syndicate	large scale organization of professional criminals that controls some vice or business through violence or the threat of violence.
criminal justice system	the system of police, courts, and corrections.
police discretion	the power held by police officers to decide who is actually arrested.
racial profiling	the practice of assuming nonwhite Americans are more likely to commit crimes than white Americans
plea bargaining	process of legal negotiation that allows an accused person to plead guilty to a lesser charge in return for a lighter sentence
corrections	sanctions such as imprisonment, parole, and probation used to punish criminals
recidivism	repeated criminal behavior

Created by: toribrown2011

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