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Levels of Processing
Cognative Psychology, Exam 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Hyde & Jenkins (1969) | essentially created the incidental learning task. The incidental learning task demonstrates that how we process information determines how well it is later remembered. |
Incidental learning task | people are asked to make judgments about stimuli without knowing that they will be asked to recall stimuli |
Craik & Lockhart (1972) | Level of Processing Model |
Level of Processing Model | Proposed that information is retained according to the level of processing it has undergone on a SHALLOW to DEEP continuum. |
Level of Processing (Shallow) | Shallow processing results in a fragile memory trace (can be compared with the short term memory of the Atkinson-Shiffrin Model) |
Atkinson-Shiffrin Model | |
Level of processing (deep) | Memory makes it to LTM |
Memory rehersal | Memories that are encoded and are rehersed one of two ways to determine the level of processing. maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehersal |
Maintenance rehearsal | the repetition of the information in the form it is presented |
Elaborative Rehearsal | is the association of prior images and experiences with the new information (focus is on to meaning) |
Craik and Watkins (1973) | Experiment on Maintenance Rehearsal: Does longer maintenance lead to transference to long term memory? (Yes, but very slight. More rehersal does not yield empirical results) |