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Keywords-Pharm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A fibers | don’t transmit pain, transmit sensations associated with touch and temperature; larger, rapid; block smaller fibers |
| A delta & C fibers | respond stimulation by generating nerve impulses produce pain sensations; smaller |
| Adverse Effects | undesirable or potentially dangerous negative side effects |
| Affinity | attraction of one chemical compound to another |
| Agonist | drugs interact w/receptor sites to cause same activity that natural chemicals cause at site |
| Anxiolytic | alter individuals response to the environment; prevent feelings of tension or fear |
| Blood dyscrasia | bone marrow suppression caused by drug effects |
| Competitive Antagonist | same affinity for receptor as agonist, compete for sites |
| Noncompetitive Antagonist | prevent reaction of another chemical with a different receptor site |
| Barbiturate | once sedative/hypnotic drugs of choice; adverse effects greater newer drugs; anxiolytic drugs |
| Biotransformation | drug metabolism; process drugs changes into new, less active chemicals |
| Critical Concentration | amount of drug needed to cause a therapeutic effect |
| Chemotherapeutic agents | |
| Dependence | physical/psychological; body adjusted to presence of drug; requires drug to function normally |
| Dermatological reactions | adverse reactions involving the skin |
| Drug allergy | body forms antibodies to particular drug causing immune response |
| Duration | the period of time during which something continues |
| Ergot derivatives | cause constriction of cranial blood vessels; systemic adverse effects; rarely used |
| First pass effect | oral drugs lose a large % of dose prior to reaching the tissues |
| Half | life |
| Hepatotoxicity | implies chemical driven liver damage |
| Hypersensitivity | excessive response to primary/secondary effects of drugs |
| Hypnosis | extreme sedation results further CNS depression |
| Hypnotic | cause sleep, minor tranquilizers, produce state of tranquility in anxious patients |
| Nephrotoxicity | the quality of being destructive to kidney cells |
| Neuroleptic | associated neurological adverse effects (major tranquilizers) |
| Monoamine oxidase inhibitor | rarely used; |
| Onset | The length of time needed for a medicine to become effective |
| Off label uses | released drugs used for indication not approved by FDA |
| Parenteral dose | pertaining to a medication administered by a route that bypasses the GI tract, such as a drug given by injection |
| Peak | point at which the desired effect is greatest compared with any side effects. |
| Pharmocology | study of the biological effects of chemicals |
| Pharmacodynamic | how the drug affects the body |
| Pharmacogenomics | study unique difference response to drugs based on genetic makeup |
| Pharmacokinetics | how the body acts on the drug |
| • Absorption | what happens to a drug from time its introduced until it reaches the circulatory system |
| • Distribution | involves the movement of a drug to the body’s tissues |
| • Biotransformation | enzymes liver/cells/GI/blood detoxify chemicals; |
| • Excretion | removal of drug from body |
| Pharmacotherapeutics | branch of pharmacology that uses drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease |
| Placebo effect | more effective if patient thinks it will work |
| Protein Binding | most drugs bound to proteins in the blood; too large enter capillaries; loose/tightly bound effect release time |
| Receptor theory of drug action | Figure 2.1 |
| Synergism | drugs that work together to increase drug effectiveness |
| Selective toxicity | (ie: penicillin) effects enzyme system unique to bacteria |
| Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor | |
| Spinothalamic tracts | transmit information to cerebral cortex |
| Street drugs | nonprescription drugs with no known therapeutic use |
| Stomatitis | inflammation of the mucous membranes; direct toxic reactions drug |
| Superinfections | drugs destroyed NFinfections caused by the usually controlled bacteria |
| Teratogenicity | drugs if reach fetus/embryo can cause death or congenital defects |
| Tolerance | subject’s reaction to the drug decreases so larger doses are required to achieve same effect |
| Toxicity | the quality/condition/degree to which a substance becomes toxic |
| Triptan | new class drugs cause cranial vascular constriction relief of migraine headache |
| Tricyclic antidepressant | reduce reuptake nerves |
| Tyramine | found in food, broken down by MAO enzymes GI tract; absorbed high presence MAOI |
Created by:
kara1121
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