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Chapter 12 Waves
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| = Force * distance | Work |
| Work May be done by ______ motion(motion in one direction). | linear |
| Work may be done by ___________ motion (motion that occurs again and again). | repetitive |
| very small and rapid | Vibrations |
| large and slow | Oscillations |
| repeats at a constant rate | Periodic Motion |
| Periodic motion alternates between mechanical _________ energy and _______ energy. | Potential Kinetic |
| Is an example of periodically oscillating system | A pendulum |
| when hangs straight down and being pulled by gravity | Resting position |
| farthest position away from resting position. This is reached twice as the system goes through resting position and to the other side. | Amplitude |
| When released a pendulum moves through _______ position to the other side and back again until outside forces (gravity, air resistance, friction) cause it to come to rest again | Pendulum |
| An example of a pendulum | A Spring |
| The time it takes to complete one cycle of a system | Period |
| What a period is measured in. | Seconds. |
| The rate at which cycles repeat | Frequency. |
| the pull that wants to restore the string to resting position | Restoring force |
| During the ________ cycle, the restoring force decreases to zero as the string's velocity and momentum are large, so the string keeps moving in the opposite direction past its ____ position. | vibration rest |
| happens whenever an object is not at rest. | restoring force |
| The farther away from rest the greater the _________ _____. | restoring force |
| Restoring force creates ________ energy in the object. | potential |
| the more massive (greater the mass), the more ______ it will vibrate and the _______ its period will be because it takes longer to go through one cycle. | Slowly Longer |
| the effect of friction on periodic motion – making the amplitude get smaller over time. | Damping |
| The opposite of damping – making the amplitude get bigger over time | Resonance |
| All oscillating objects have a natural frequency – _________ occurs when outside sources add energy to an oscillating object at its natural frequency | resonance |
| Eventually the object either limits the ________ or the object breaks | resonance |
| mass attached to an arm at a pivot point that swings under the influence of gravity. | Pendulums |
| the particles stay pretty stationary as the energy is transferred. The wave carries energy by TRANSFERRING oscillations to adjacent particles, not by carrying the particles along the wave. | Mechanical waves |
| periodic changes that TRANSMIT energy from one place to another | Waves |
| waves require a _______ to go through | medium |
| matter waves go through | medium |
| flow through a vacuum | Electromagnetic waves |
| top of the wave | crest |
| bottom of wave | trough |
| length of one full wave from crest to crest, trough to trough, or any corresponding parts of the wave | wavelength |
| twice the amplitude. Measured from the trough to the crest | wave height |
| measured from the resting position to the crest | amplitude |
| the number of wave cycles that pass a given point in 1 second | Wave Frequency |
| kilohertz (kHz) | 1000 hertz |
| megahertz (MHz) | 1 000 000 hertz |
| gigahertz (GHz) | 1 000 000 000 hertz |
| Depends on the MEDIUM | Wavespeed |
| depend on the depth of the water compared to the wavelength. Waves in deep water move faster than waves in shallow water | surface waves |
| Fastest waves | ELECTROMAGNETIC waves |
Created by:
lindlepea921
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