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BIO-PSYCH
NATANSON EXAM 1:BIO-PSYCH 2011 SPRING
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| neuron anatomy | dendrites, cell body, axon, terminal branches and buds |
| neuronal transmission | cell body-→ axon → dendrites → synapse → receiving neuron |
| neurotransmitters | Chemical messengers that traverse synaptic gaps between neurons |
| acetylcholine | muscle movement |
| antagonist | a drug that blocks receptors of the receiving neuron |
| opiates | pain killers such as morphine |
| endorphins | natural, opiate like neurotransmitters |
| agonist | A drug that mimics the effects of a particular neurotransmitter or blocks its reuptake |
| dopamine | linked to Parkinson’s and schizophrenia |
| endocrine system | "slow" chemical communication system; set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream |
| Central nervous system | brain and spinal cord |
| Peripheral nervous system | the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body |
| reticular formation | nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal |
| cerebellum | helps coordinate voluntary movement and balance |
| Limbic system | regulates emotion, hunger, thirst, temperature |
| hippocampus | processess declarative memory |
| hypothalamus | maintenance activities; hunger, thirst, temperature and emotion |
| amygdala | part of limbic system, processes fear and rage |
| Wernicke’s area | understanding language |
| Broca’s area | directs the muscle movements involved in speech. |
| Parietal lobe | perceiving sensation in sensory cortex |
| Occipital lobe | perceiving vision |
| Lateralization | the right hemisphere controls the left half of the body and the left hemisphere controls the right half of the body. |
| Hemispheric specialization | the tendency for certain processes to be more highly developed on one side of the brain than the other |
| right hemisphere | spatial and musical |
| left hemisphere | verbal and logical processes |
| Split brain | condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the corpus callosum |
| plasticity | brain's capacity for modification; brain reorganization following damage (especially in children) and the effects of experience on brain development |
| PET | inject harmless radioactive substance to examine brain activity |
| EEG | amplified recording of waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain's surface |
| MRI | shows brain anatomy |
| fMRI | shows brain function |
| Behavior genetics | studies the relative influence of genetics and the environment on behavior |
| Heritability | influence of genes on behavior |
| Environmental influence | every non genetic influence; from prenatal to the things and people around us |
| Adaptive behavior traits | those that lead to increased reproduction and survival; random mutations that happen to be adaptive to a particular environment |
Created by:
ninacn
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