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IOS 11 Exam 1

Virus

QuestionAnswer
Virus Classiffied by 3 things Structure of nucleic acid (DNA, RNA), Symmetry or protein and nucleic acid (capsid), Presence or absence od lipid envelope (Non-enveloped (naked) or enveloped
Delivery system protects visus fro environment, and helps to attach to host cells-Envelopes are distroyed by dryness and trasported with fluids
Envelopes are quired from the host Cytoplasmic, endoplasmic reticulum or nuclear envelope (lipids) . Viral Proteins Hemagglutin & neuraminisase for influenza attach to surface
Non-coated are transmitted via Oral-fecal route
Virus requirements Intact cells to replicate (carries own RNA polymerase) can direct synthesis of hundreds of prodgeny in single cycle
Steps in viral infection Attachment-Penetration-Transcription-translation-repliacation-assembly-release
Virus Exposure Respiratory dropplet, aersol, fecal contamination, bodily fluids
Attachment to host- Receptor mediated this will determine what tissuewill be infected may have multiple receptors
Penetration and dissemble EIther envelope fusion (HIV, measles), receptor mediated endocytosis (influenza), Non-enveloped via direct penetration
Virus pathogenesis- Entry, primary infection, spread, Cell & tissue affinity, secondary replication, cell injury, host immune response
Primary infection Local site of infection
Secondary infection Can be initially inhaled and "spread" to skin via the blood to present as a skin lesion
Route of spread Viremia, lumphocyte/macrophage-cytomegalovirus, HIV, measles, NERVES-herpes, rapies, encephalatis, BLOOD &NERVES-varicella
Chronic infection Persistant shedding (HBV, H+CV) progressive tissue destruction
Latent maintenance Viral genome is not replicating
Vaccines against viruses (13) Measles, mumps, Rubella, herpes, varicella zoster, small pox, HPV, HAV, HBV, rotavirus, Yellow fever, rabies, influenza, Polio virus
DNA virus (6) Adenovirus, Herpes 6&7, Papilloma virus, Parvovirus strain B19, Polyamavirus JC &BK virus, Molluscum contagiosum
RNA viruses (10)-transmitted by arthropods Lassa fever virus, Hantavirus, Norwalk, SARS, Marburg virus and ebola, west nile virsus, Measles, RSV, Parainfluenza virus, rotovirus
Adenovirus characteristics Upper RTI- Treat immune compromised with Cidovir- MOA Blocks viral DNA
Herpes 6 &7 Roseola infantum Common child rash
Papilloma virus Strain 16&18 associated with cancer- Treat with imoqimod, podphylin, TCA, fluorouricil
Parvovirus Strain B19 Children appear to have slap on face Treat with Immune globbulin- (can pass to pregant women caution)
Polyomavirus JC &BK virus Sever progressive multifocal leukoenchalopathy and or hemorrhagic cystitis Treatment-Cidofovir
Molluscum Contagiosum Opportunistic infection causes facial bunps
Lassa Fever virus Cat A bioterrorism found in Africa in mice Treatment-Ribavirin
Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary found inrodents Treat with INF
Ribavirin MOA Guanosine RNA analogue
INF MOA Turns on INF pathway, RNA degredation and end result inhibits viral protein synthesis
SARS treatment Treatment is INF
Marburg virus and Ebola virus treatment Car A bioterrism cause hemorrhagi C fever treat INF
Measles treatment Vitamin A or Ribavirin
Respiratory syncytial virus treatment Inhaled Ribavirin or Passive immunoglobin
Parainfluenza virus Croup, very severe in immunosupressed
Rotovirus treatment Most imortant gastroenteritis in children-Vaccine is available
Virucides are Detergents (bleach), organic solvents, Cryotherapym TCA, salicyclic acid, Microbicides for preventing (topical HIV gel), Passice immunoglobins
Resistance Any compound will become with use, or high viral load, infectio with rapid turn over, high genetic mutation, imminosuppressed
Created by: liza001
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