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IOS 11 Exam 1
Intro to mycology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Phyla Zygomycota characteristics | Rapid growth Examples Rhizopus, Mucor, Absidia |
| Ascomycota characteristics | Largest phylum, Asperillus, Histoplasmosis, Blastomycosis, Penicillum |
| Basidomycota member | Cryptococcus neoformans |
| Chytridomycota member | No members are associated with human disease |
| Deuterimycota characteristics | "fungi imperfecti- asexual reproduction only |
| Fungi characteristics | Eukaryotic, Non-vascular, reproduce by spores, sexual and asexual reproduction dependant of secies and environment, non-motile, small nuclei, more like human than plant, lack chlorophyll |
| Morphology of pathogenic fungi | Filamentous moulds, Unicellular yeasts, Dimorphic fungi, Capsules, bioflms |
| Filamentous moulds | Multicellular branching, hyphe- thread like filaments |
| Unicelluar yeast | Exists as either a yeast or mold, depending on the pathogen, site of growth, and temperature |
| Caspules | Cryptococcus neoformans |
| Biofilms characteristics of | Candida, Aspergillus |
| Fungal cell wall components | Polysaccharides (sugars and mannans-porsity), Chitin-structural, Glucan- Primary structural integrity of wall. Good antifungal target. |
| Fungal cell membrane components | Ergosterol- (unique sterol-like human cholesterol) and Ribosomes-80S=40s+60S |
| Fungal growth environment | Aerobic (most are obligate aerobes-utilze glucose, Fe, h20), Some faculative anaerobes (prefer o2 but will live) |
| Yeast growth | Most budding and growth curves are simular to bacteria. Generation times vary- C. alibicans 40min, cryptococcus neoformans-2hr |
| Molds growth | Growth is from apical thip. Generation times vary from 2 days to 21 days. |
| Reproduction is | Asexual spores mediated (mitosis-exact copy) and Sexual- division that reduces the number of chromosomes in half (meiosis) |
| Primary mycoses are | Histoplasmosis, Coccidiodomycosis, Cryptococcus, Blastomycosis, Paraccididomycosis, Sporotrichosis |
| Opportunistic fungi are | C. albicans, Aspergillus, Trichospoon, C. glabrata, Fussaium, mucor |
| Types of fungal infections | Superficial mycoses, cutaneous mycoses, subcutaneous mycoses, systemic mycoses, opportunistic mycoses |
| Superficial mycosis characteristics | Outer most skin and hair. Examples: Dermatophytosis, tinea, piedra (black&white), pityriasis versicolor |
| Cutaneous mycoses characteristics | Deep epidermis, nail Example Onchomycosis |
| Subcutaneous mycoses characteristics | Dermis beneith the skin. Moulds, via trauma- Sporotrichosis |
| Systemic mycoses characteristic | Deep within the body. Caused by dimorphic fungi. Examples: Candidemia, Asperfilosis, Mucormycosis |
| Opportunistic mycoses characteristics | Immunocompromised. Examples: Cyrtococcus pneumocystis |
| Noscomial fungal infections mainly caused by | Candida spp. 4th leading cause of serum infections and has the highest morbidity. |
| Noscomial fungal infections of ICU patients most prevelant with | trauma patients very surgical patients, also cance patients have a high degree of infection as well |
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liza001
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