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Infancy/child mod 8
Physical Cognitive Social Development
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience. | maturation |
| a developing body forms nerve cells at a rate of | nearly one quarter (1/4) million per minute. |
| Fiber pathway supporting language and agility proliferate into puberty after | a pruning process shuts down excess connections and strengthens others. |
| all the mental activities associatated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. | cognition |
| a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information. | schema |
| interpreting one's new experience in terms of one's existing schemas. | assimilation |
| adapting one's current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information. | accomodation |
| motor development milestones (sit, crawl, walk, run) are__________ | the same around the world but may reach them at varying ages. |
| We consciously recall little from before what age? | age 4 |
| our earliest memories seldom predate our third birthdays known as | infantile amnesia |
| Piaget's stages of cognitive development | Senorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete operational, Formal operational. |
| birth to nearly 2 years; object permanence, stranger anxiety; experiencing the world thru senses and actions | sensorimotor stage of cognitive development |
| 2 to 6 or 7 years; pretend play, egocentrism; Representing things with words and images using intuitive rather thatn logical reasoning. | preoperational stage of cognitive development |
| about 7 to 11 years; Thinking logically about concrete events; grasping concrete analogies and performing arithmetical operations; conservation, mathematical transformations | concrete operational stage of cognitive development. |
| about 12 years thru adulthood; abstract reasoning; abstract logic, potential for mature moral reasoning | Formal operational |
| conservation | the principle ( which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects. |
| egocentrism | In Piaget's theory, the preoperational child's difficulty taking another's point of view. |
| theory of mind | people's ideas about their own and other's mental states- about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts, and the behavior these might predict. |
| a disorder tht appears in childhod and is marked by deficient communication, social interaction, and understanding of others' state of mind. | autism |
| in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (from 6,7 to 11 yrs) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events. | concrete operational stage |
| asperger syndrome | a "high-functioning" form of autism marked by normal intelligence often accompanied by exceptional skill but defecient in socal and communication skills ( inable to form normal peer relationships) |
| formal operational stage | in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (beginning age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts. |
| the fear of strangers that infants commonly display ,beginning by about 8 months of age. | stranger anxiety |
| an emotional tie with another person; shown in young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on separation. | attachment |
| reared monekeys in the Harlow experiment preferred which mother? | the cloth mother |
| critical period | an optimal period shortly after birth when an organism exposture to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development. |
| imprinting | the process by which certain animal form attatchments during a critical period very early in life. |
| a baby's temperament | difficult-irritable,intense, unpredictable easy- cheerful, relaxed, and feeding/sleeping on a schedule. |
| placed in a strange situation, what percent of infants display secure attachement. | 60 percent |
| According to Erik Erikson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers. | basic trust |
| authoritarian parents impose rules and expect obedience | " don't interrupt" Do keep your room clean." "don't stay out late or you will be grounded. Because I sid so! |
| permissive parents | submit to their children's desires, make few demands, and use little punishment. |
| authoratative parents | are both demanding and responsive. set rules but are explaining the reasons and allow exceptions to rules. |
| children with the highest self-esteem, self-relieance, and social competence have which kind of parents? | authoratative |
Created by:
Msmlb_93
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