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IOS 10 Exam 4
Food borne infections
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Diarrhea is defined as | Alteration in normal bowel movement characterized by an increase in the water content, volume or frequency (> 3 stools day_ Acute < 14 days Persistent > 14 days |
| Norwalk Virus characteristics and treatment | #1 bacterial cause (water), S/S within 12-48 hours. Vomitin, diarrhea, abdominal pain, lfever- Treatment antiemetic, fluid electrolyte replacement |
| Rotovirus characteristic and treatment | Most children experience before 5yo Fever, diarrheam and dehydration- Old hydration, Lactobacillus, antimotility agents NOT recommended- Prevention with Vaccine |
| Salmonella characteristic and prevention Non-typi | Caused by contanimated beef, poultry, reptiles Nausea?V?Di and abdomian pain treat ORT, antimotility NOT RECOMMENDED |
| Salmonella characteristic and prevention Typhi | Fulminant disease- ORT, Fluoroquinolones 5-7 days or 14 if immune compromised |
| Campylobacter characteristics and treatment | Caused by chicken and unpasteurized milk or water- N?V?D fever cramps complication (Guilline Barr mental changes) 1-3 week after infection treatment ORT, Erythromycin or Azithryomycin if cauught in the first 4 days treat 5 days or 10 if immunocompromised |
| Shigella Type 1 characteristic and treatment | Dysentary symtoms- ORT and fluoroquinolone or bactrim in children |
| EColi characteristic and treatment -Enterotoxic | More common- caused secetory water diarrhea, Travelers treatment is with fluoroquinolones 3 days |
| E.coli chacacteristic and treatment 0157-H7 | Loperamide if blody stools, fluroquinolone or azithromycin in children or pregnancy |
| If patient has lost 10% of body water | May need IV hydration |
| Hemolytic syndrome is | Triad: acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia, and microangiopathic anemia by the shiga toxin Break down of RBC and kidney failure. Platelets clump together with the kidney's small blood vessels resulting in ischemia leading to kidney failure |
| Risk factors for developing travelers diarrhea | Location, age, immunocompromised, acid suppression, luxury resorts, crusise ships, buying from street vendors, contaminated water |
| Prevention of travelers diarrhea | Bismuth subsalicylate 262mg PO or 30 ml QID for up to 3 weeks. ot Cipro if high risk |
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liza001
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