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IOS 10 Exam 4

Catheter related infections

QuestionAnswer
Risk Factors for catheter related infections Immunocompromised patients, advanced age, type location of catheter, duration of catheter, number of manipulations, frequency, hygine of catheter
Pathogensis of catheter related infections Fluids inserted into patient, The outer hub (infected), aact of actual insertion, placement of the device, secondary infectio
Common pathogens associated with catheter infections Coag (-) staph, staph aureus, staph epi, enterococcus, Gram- bacilli (enteric, pseudomonias), fungi
Evaluate the patient for need of antibiotics therapy Location of catheter, signs of infection, other sources of infection (UTI), patient specifics, current medication (superinfection), culutres (tip, intra-luminal)
Prevention of catheter related infection Catheter placement and handeling, aseptic insertion, hygine, antibiotic locks and flushes, antibiotics impregnated cathters- (minocycline + rifampin or Chlorhexidine+ silver sulfadiazine)
If infection is caused by Coagulase negative Staph treat with Vancomycin + retain catheter (10-14 days), or if remove (5-7days)
If infection is caused by Staphylococcus aureus treat with Nafcillin 2 g q 4 hr (Vancomycin or Cefazolin if sensitivity known) 10-14 days
If patient presents with Gram -enterbacteriae treat with Must cover pseudomonias: Pipercillin, ceftazidine, cefepime, aminoglycosides, carbapenems 10-14 days
If patient presents with a Fungal infection treat with Fluconazole 400-600mg QD
If patient presents with Caspofungin treat with Voriconazole, ampotercin B 14 days past last blood culture
Created by: liza001
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