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SIE- Gen Science III
test review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the difference between performance and functional ingredients? | performance affect you, functional affect the product |
| What are the two main types of chemical exfoliation? | AHA's and BHA's |
| How do chemical exfoliations work? | they loosen the bond between dead skin cells making it easier to remove them |
| How does the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act of 1938 define a drug? | articles (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body |
| How does the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act of 1938 define a cosmetic? | articles intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or other-wise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness or altering the appearance. |
| What do you do if a client reacts to a product during a facial? | stop treatment immmediately, remove product, use cool water or cool compress |
| What is the long-term effect of constant irritation of the skin? | skin aging |
| non-comedogenic | does not contain ingredients known to cause comedones and acne; FDA does not regulate |
| non-acnegenic | designed not to cause comedones or follicle irritancy; some companies claim this w/o testing. |
| What ingredients would be best to use in a toner for dry skin? | azulene, bisabolol, chamomille |
| What is a detergent-type foaming cleanser? | cleansing gel |
| What are some examples of biologically inert emollients? | cyclomethicone, dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone |
| What is a hyaluronic acid? | humectant that holds up to 400 times it's weight in water |
| What is the Federal Packaging and Labeling Act of 1977? | requires manufacturers to list ingredients used in their products |
| What is overprocessed skin? | over-use of products, or over-use of exfoliating products; characterized by red, flaking, and unfomfortable skin |
| Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD) | inflammation resulting from an allergy to a particular substance |
| Retinol | a natural form of vitamin A; stimulates cell repair and regulates skin functions and is necessary for skin cell generation. |
| puffing | when companies make products sound better than they really are "face-lift in a jar" |
| What makes the skin more permeable? | impaired barrier function |
| hypoallergenic | does not contain ingredient that are known to frequently cause allergic reactions (people can still be allergic to the product); FDA regulated |
| What can lead to TEWL? | glycerin |
| cosmeceuticals | products that are not drugs intended to treat disease, but they still benefite the skin in a positive way |
| defatting agents | remove fats and lipids, along with dirt, makeup, and debris, from the surface of the skin |
| soap | made of salts of fatty acids; defats the skin's surface |
| What are some disadvantages of soap? | has a high pH which can irritate and dry the skin, and can leave residue or film on the skin |
| superfatted | cleansing agents that have had fat added; "buffer zones" |
| emulsion cleansers | (cleansing milks) non-foaming cream-type cleansers; used for makeup removal, and are recommended for sensitive skin |
| What is a good example of an emulsion cleanser? | cold cream |
| What is the pH of toners? | 4.0-5.5 |
| What are toners used for? | balancing pH, and remove any excess cleanser or residue left on the skin |
| What can be added to toners to help lower the pH? | citric acid or lemon extract |
| natural moisturizing factors (NMFs) | hydrating agents found within the cells and withing the intercellular cement |
| What are some common hydroxy acids? | lactic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, glycolic acid, citric acid, and salicylic acid |
| lactic acid | found in milk |
| tartaric acid | found in grapes and passionfruit |
| malic acid | found in apples |
| glycolic acid | found in sugarcane |
| salicylic acid | found in sweet birch, willow bark, and wintergreen |
| citric acid | found in citris fruits |
| collagen and elastin | humectants that sit on top of the skin and bind water, prevent water loss, and help to "fill in" small lines and wrinkles |
| occlusives | sit on top of the skin and prevent moisture loss |
| petrolatum/petroleum jelly | an occlusive that is extremely hypoallergenic; prevents water loss and keeps allergens, antigens, and foreign bodies out of the skin |
| alipidic | lack of lipids |
| What are teh two physical sunscreens? (these screen both UVA and UVB rays) | zinc oxide & titanium dioxide |
| What are the four major OTC approved ingredients for the treatment of acne? | benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, sulfur, and sulfur mixed with resorcinol |
| hydroquinone | an active topical ingredient that inhibits the production of melanin; for skin lightening |
| What are some skin "brightening" agents? | magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, arbutin, kojic acid, bearberry and mulberry extracts |
| What is kaolin and bentonite used for? | tightening and oil-absorbing |
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Lizziewiz
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