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IOS 9 Exam 2
Pathophysiology of the eye
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Maintence of Intraocular pressure | Aqueous humor formed in cilary body and epithelium maintains IOP. Aqueous humor leaves via 1. trabecular meshwork (conventional outflow) to schlemm canal 2. Through ciliary body and suprachoridial space. Cholinergics(pilocarpine) can increase outflow |
| Conjuctiva is | A clear outer membrane that lines the eyelid and extends over the white portin of the eye but is not on top of the cornea |
| Tears are produce and composed of | Produced by the lacrimal gland and spread over the eye with each blink. They are a lubricant which protects the eye. Tears contain antibodies, lysomzymes to protect the eye from bacterial growth. Tear then drain into the nasal passage via the nasallacrim |
| Conjuctivitis is | Inflammation of the eye caused by Allergin, bacterial, viral, chemical/physical irritant, or radiant energy |
| Allergic conjunctivitisMOA | mediated by the release of leukotrienes and followed by mast cell degranulation |
| Allergic conjuctivits symptoms | Bilateral tearing, itching, edema, vasodialation (redness) |
| Bacterial conjunctivitis MOA | Caused by H. influenza, Moraxella, S. pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhea, S. aureus |
| Bacterial conjuctivitis Symptoms | Sticky eyelides, excoriated lid margins, purulent discharge |
| Viral conjuctivis MOA | Caused by adenovirus, enterovirus, herpes hirus |
| Viral conjuctivitis symptoms | Blisters on the inner surface, redness |
| Conjunctivitis distinguished from other eye conditions by: | Enlargement and redness, peripheral conjunctival redness, moderate pain, not effect on vision, does not cause pupil dialation, does not change cornea, bilateral suggests infectious |
| MOA of glaucoma | Increase in IOP leads to ischemia, and degeneration of optic nerve via excessive pressure which leads to peripheral vision loss |
| Open angle Glacoma MOA | Most common cause. Occurs due to abnormalitiy of trabecular meshwork in that it hinders or blocks normal OUTFLOW into the canal of Schlemm |
| Open angle glaucoma risk factors | Age>40, African AMerican, DM, FHx, HTN, Myopia (short sited) |
| Narrow angle glaucoma MOA | Less common occurance. Caused by the iris occlusion of the trabecular meshwork. Can be triggered by extensive or prolonged mydriasis (dialation) emotional upset, prolonged period in dark, cholonergics. |
| Symptoms of Narrow angle glaucoma | Reddening of eyes, hazy appearance of cornea, blurred vision/halo, unilateral HA (looks like migraine) |
| Symptoms of Open angled glaucoma | Asymptomatic unitil peripheral vision loss has occured |
| Risks factors for Narrow angle glaucoma | Genetic, exaggerated anterior displacement of peripheral iris |
Created by:
liza001
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