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Mrs. Buchanan - Exam

Mrs. Buchanan - Semester Exam 1

QuestionAnswer
The type of scientific research in which variables are manipulated is called _______________________________. Experimental
The type of scientific research based on observations only is called _______________________________. Descriptive
A scientific statement whose purpose is to use a set of empirical evidence to explain how and why things work the way they do is a ___________________________. theory
A scientific statement whose purpose is to describe the behavior of something in the natural world law
Scientists use these to represent subjects of study that are too large, too small, too fast, or too slow to be observed in their natural state models
What is the maximum number of independent variables an experimenter can have in his/her experiment? 1
The variable that is directly manipulated by the experimenter is the _____________________ variable independent
The variable that is measured as a result of a change is the ____________________ variable dependent
All of the factors that must be kept the same during an experiment are the ________________________. constants
The experimental group in which the independent variable is not applied (removed) control group
The purpose of an experiment is written in which type of format? question
On what does a scientist base his hypothesis? research
A measurement should always include two things: a ________________ and a _________________ number, unit
A scientist who validates his own work by completing 20 trials of an experiment is using which practice? repetition
A scienitst who validates another scientist's work by repeating her experiment is using which practice? replication
A scientist who completes 20 trials of an experiment and all measurements come within .001 cm of eachother; however, his measurements are 23.4 cm from the actual length is said to have good __________ in his measurements precision
A scientist who completes one measurements and comes within .001 cm of the correct length is said to have good __________________________ in his measurements accuracy
The system of units used in science which ensure clear communication worldwide is the _______ system SI
The correct base unit used to measure length in science is the ____________________ meter
The correct base unit used to measure volume in science is the ____________________ liter
The correct base unit used to measure mass in science is the ________________________ gram
A measurement of the amount of matter that makes up an object or substance is _____________ mass
A measurement of the amount of space an object takes up is __________________________ volume
A measurement of the amount of force of gravity on an object is _________________________ weight
The variable that should always be placed on the x-axis of a graph is the independent
The variable that should always be placed on the y-axis of a graph is the dependent
A measurment of the amount of matter within a defined amount of space is density
To measure the volume of an irregular shaped object, one should use the ______________ method displacement
A liquid with a lower density will ______________________ (float above/sink below) a liquid with a higher density float above
The property of a substance that can be observed without changing it's composition physical
The property of a substance that cannot be observed without changing the composition chemical
Appearance, density, boiling point, melting point are examples of physical properties
The ability of a match to ignite is an example of a chemical property
A change in the state of matter of a substance is a ____________________ change physical
Change in color, release of ________________, and production of gases are signs of chemical changes heat
Changing the shape or appearance of a substance is a _______________________ change physical
A substance that is made up of only one type of atom is called a(n) ______________________ element
The Law of _____________________________________ describes that the amount of matter before and after a chemical reaction remains constant Conservation of Mass
The __________________________ Theory changed over time and across distances as scientists discovered new information about the structure of matter Atomic
The______________________ and the _____________________ are the two particles in the atom with opposite charges proton, electron
The __________________________ and the _________________________ are the particles in the nucleus, making up the mass of the atom proton, neutron
The periodic table is arranged in order of increasing _____________________________ atomic number
The members of a ________________________ on the periodic table have similar properties family
A row across the periodic table is called a _____________________________ period
A column on the periodic table is called a ___________________________________ family
The atomic number tells the number of __________________________ in an atom protons
The atomic _________________ tells the average number of protons + neutrons in an atom mass
The smallest unit of an element is a(n) ____________________________ atom
The smallest unit of a compound is a ______________________________ molecule
State of matter in which particles move rapidly, colliding into eachother is gases
What is the correct instrument used to measure mass? balance
What is the correct instrument used to measure volume of a liquid? graduated cylinder
What is the proper place to read the volume of a liquid? bottom of meniscus
Type of bond in which electrons are transferred from one atom to another ionic
Type of bond in which electrons are shared covalent
Different forms of an element are called isotopes
Charged atoms (ones that have lost or gained elecrons) are called ions
A compound that releases Hydrogen ions when added to water is a(n) _____________________ acid
A compound that releases Hydroxide ions when added to water is a(n) _____________________ base
A solution with a pH higher than 7 is __________________ basic
A solution with a pH lower than 7 is ________________________ acidic
The substance in a solution that is dissolved is a ___________________ solute
The substance in a solution that dissolves the other substance is the ___________________ solvent
Mass, volume, and weight are all size-_______________________ physical properties dependent
Because mass and volume are proportional, density is a size- _________________________ physical property independent
Most of the volume of an atom contains what? empty space
Pure substances include pure elements and _______________________. compounds
A mixture in which particles settle to the bottom is a __________________________. suspension
The collection of observations made by many scientists that are used to develop a theory is ______________ evidence empirical
Before you use a website in research, what should you do? validate your source
A study in which a scientist observed the migratory pattern of birds would be considered _____________ research descriptive
If a scientist is testing to see how temperature changes the growth of bacteria, what is the independent variable? temperature
If a scientist is testing to see how burning different alternative fuels affects the combustion temperature, what is the dependent variable? temperature
Substances that are hard, solid at room temperature, good conductors of heat and electricity are most likely ________________ metals
Substances that are sour to the taste and can conduct electricity are most likely acids
substances that are slippery, bitter, and good for breaking apart fats and oils are most likely bases
The ability of copper to be pulled into long strands is which physical property? ductility
The ability of copper to be pressed into sheets is which physical property? malleability
The temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas is the ______________ point. boiling
The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid is the _______________ point melting
Dissolving one substance into another is an example of a _______________________ change physical
A compound that is made up of a metal and a non-metal is _______________________. ionic
A compound that is made up of two non-metals is ______________________________. covalent
The size dependent physical property that can change depending on location is __________________ weight
Increasing __________________ causes a chemical reaction to speed up temperature
Water is a ___________________ compound covalent
Which family on the periodic table is most reactive? Alkali Metals
Which family on the periodic table is least reactive? Noble Gases
Which family on the periodic table has 7 valence electrons? Halogens
What does the number of valence electrons indicate about an element? reactivity
The process that occurs when a liquid changes to a gas vaporization
The process that occurs when a solid changes to a gas, without first becoming a liquid sublimation
Which SI unit should you use to measure the amount of matter that makes up a domino? g
Which SI unit should you use to measure the distance from Fort Walton Beach to Crestview? km
Which two instruments would you need to measure the density of a domino? ruler and balance
Theory or Law: Gas expands when heated Law
Theory or Law: An explanation of how continents have moved over time Theory
The tendency of an object to react with other substances is a __________________ property Chemical
How does a scientist test his hypothesis? Experimenting
The first step of any scientific investigation is to _______________________ ask a question
Created by: mrs.buchanan
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