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Fractures names

Types of fractures (fx)

QuestionAnswer
Jefferson fx -comminuted fx of C2 ring
Avulsion fx -small bone fragment is pulled off bony prominence by tension from attached ligament or tendon
Complete fx -full break or disruption b/t 2 or more fragments
Comminuted fx -more than 2 fx lines and more than 3 fragments
Open fx -exposed to the elements
Open fx -occurs in tibia, femur, radius, and ulna most frequently
Comminuted fx -caused by direct or indirect forces -larger forces cause more fragments
Avulsion fx -usually indicates more serious soft tissue injury
Greenstick fx -partial discontinuity, a portion of the bony cortex stays intact
Greenstick fx -commonly seen in pediatrics
Spiral fx -caused by twisting force that rotates the bone around
Spiral fx -occurs in long bones -sometimes mistaken for comminuted fx if only seen in one view
Blowout fx -caused by strong object force hitting the eyeball, pushing the eye back -causes fatpad surrounding eye to break through the bone, usually through the orbit floor
Blowout fx -hard to see radiographically due to relationship of orbital floor to maxillary sinus -best seen using CT
Burst fx -unique fx of vertebrae -vertebral ring is broken and fragments move outward
Burst fx -can be caused by diving into shallow water or other instance of something hitting the head -this can cause the first cervical to burst apart
Butterfly fx -comminuted fx in which two fx lines form a V
Butterfly fx -resembles a triangular fragment -one large fragment is usually detached from two other fragments
Compression fx -fx of a vertebral body, usually the anterior section -caused by trauma or demineralization
Depressed fx -bone section is pushed toward the center, similar to dent in ping-pong ball -usually located in skull or sternum
Transverse fx -fx that is parallel to the transverse axis of the body -usually found in long bones
Pathologic fx -caused by normal stress placed on an abnormal bone -such as bone weakened by cancer, osteomyelitis, Paget's disease
Created by: kairis276
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