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Rads 1050 test 4
Vitals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In what 5 places can a temperature be taken? | Oral, axillary, tympanic, temporal and rectal |
| What is the normal temp for in F? | 97.7-99.5 |
| What is the normal temp in C? | 36.5-37.5 |
| What does the word febrile mean? | Fever |
| What is the medical term for lower than normal? | Hypo |
| What types of things cause hyperthermia? | Metabolic rate increases causing fever, more O2 consumption adn carbon dioxide production, cardiopulmonary system inceases (has to work harder) |
| Describe how to take a repiratory rate? | Do when pt is watching, watch the chest rise and fall for 60 seconds. |
| What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult? | 12-20 |
| What is the normal respiratory rate for a child? | 20-30 |
| What is the normal respiratory rate for an infant? | 30-60 |
| What is the medical term for increased respiratory rate? | Tachypnea |
| What things indicate an increase in repiratory rate? | Exercise, fever, anxiety, pain, infection heart failure, trauma, decrease O2 in blood, CNS disease |
| What is the medical term for decreased repiratory rate? | bradypnea |
| What types of thuings indicate a decrease in respiratoy rate? | Drug overdose, head trauma, hypothermia, depression of the repiratory center of the brain |
| What is the term of absence of breathing? | apnea |
| What is the normal pulse rate for an adult? | 60-100 |
| What is the normal pulse rate for a child? | 70-120 |
| What are the 3 most common sites for taking a pulse? | Radial, brachial anc carotid artery |
| descripbe what a pulse is? | Reflection of the contration on the heart |
| Do we take pulse rates in arteries or veins? | Arteries |
| In a critical care settings, what 3 types of equipment may be used to obtain a oulse rate? | aterial O2 sat, repiratory rate, pulse |
| What 2 measurments will a pulse ox provide? | O2 sat and pulse rate |
| What is an increased pulse rate called? | Tachycardia |
| What does tachycardia indicate about your pt? | Shock, CHF, hypoxemia- anger, pain, fear, anxiety |
| what is a decreased pulse rate called? | Bradycardia |
| What does bradycaardia indicate about your pt? | severe unrelieved pain, hypothermia, physically fit |
| What 3 types of equipment are used to take a blood pressure? | BP cuff, stethoscope, sphygmomanmometer |
| Where is the bp cuff positioned? | 1 in superior to the antecubital fossa |
| Describe how the pt should be positioned for a bp? | seated 5-15 min, feet on floor, arm at level of the heart |
| When you are pumping up the cuff and the pulse obliterates at 118, what do you do next? | Pump it up 30 more |
| At what rate should the cuff be deflated? | 2 mm Hg per sec |
| When the sounds are no longer heard, how much more should the cuff be deflated? | 10 mm Hg past the last sound then deflate it all the way |
| Describe how you would determine the diastolic pressure? | It is the last sound you hear |
| What are the symptoms of hypertension? | there are no symptoms |
| What is the cause of hypertension? | Family hx, increased age, diabetes, excessive sodium intake, lack of O2, excessive alcohol, stress |
| describe what systolic pressure is? | The amount of worked needed to more blood through the heart. It is the contraction |
| What is diastolic pressure? | the amount of pressure the heart has to overcome to generate the next heart beat. Heart is relaxed |
| What is the average systolic pressure for an adult under 50? | 90-140 |
| What is the average systolic pressure for an adult over 50? | 90-160 |
| What is the average diastolic pressure range for and adult? | 60-90 |
| what are the risk factors for hypertension? | Heart disease, high cholesteral, smoking |
| How much of the air that you breathe is oxygen? | 21% |
| Nasal Cannula What does the equipment look like? How much O2 does it deliver? What is the flow rate needed? | Low flow rate, prongs into the nose, 24-36%, no more than 6 liters |
| Nonrebreathing Mask What does the equipment look like? How much O2 does it deliver? What is the flow rate needed? | High flow, one way valve prevents exhaled air from being rebreathed. Has a bag attached (reservior), should be 100% but is usually 60-90% |
| Air Entraunment Mask What does the equipment look like? How much O2 does it deliver? What is the flow rate needed? | High flow, 24,28,35,40,&50% O2 |
| Simple Mask What does the equipment look like? How much O2 does it deliver? What is the flow rate needed? | Low flow, covers nose and mouth. More than 6 liters per minute, 35-60%, short term therapy only |
| Aerosol Mask What does the equipment look like? How much O2 does it deliver? What is the flow rate needed? | High O2 and humitity, mask attaches to sterile water, more than 6 liters, 20-100% |
| What types of pt use oxygen tent of oxyhood? | Infants and children (NICU) |
| What O2 concentration in used for oxygen tent of oxyhood? | 21-100% |
| What concerns should you have when working with oxygen tent of oxyhood? | Do not move or bump |
| When are ventilators used? | When cardiolpulmonary system is unable to supply adequate O2 |
| What repiratory rate, inspuratory volume and FI02 are delivered to your pt on a ventilator? | Controlled rate that is consistent |
| What should you never do with an alarm? | Silence or alter |
| Oral How long should the thermometer be in place to get an accurate temp? | 20 seconds to 3 minutes |
| Axillary How long should the thermometer be in place to get an accurate temp? | 5 to 10 minutes |
| Tempanic How long should the thermometer be in place to get an accurate temp? | 3 seconds |
| Temporal How long should the thermometer be in place to get an accurate temp? | instantaneous |
| Rectal How long should the thermometer be in place to get an accurate temp? | 2.5 to 5 minutes, most accurate |
| Korotkoff Sounds | 1-a clear tapping sound; 2-the tapping sound followed by a murmur.3– a loud, crisp tapping sound,4– Abrupt, distinct muffling of sound, gradually decreasing in intensity.5– the disappearance of sound, considered diastolic pressure |
| What 2 arteries are used when taking blood pressure? | Radial and brachial |
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