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ScienceAtomTheoryCo
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is plasma? | a state of matter that consists of a gas-like mixture of free electrons + nuclei of atoms that have been stripped of electrons |
| Do positive charges repel one another in stars? | No; in stars, the pressure is so high that nuclei are squeezed close together and collide |
| What is nuclear fusion? | A process in which two atomic nuclei combine, forming a larger nucleus and releasing huge amounts of energy. |
| True or False: Nuclear fusion, which occurs in stars on a huge scale, combines smaller nuclei into larger nuclei, creating heavier elements | True |
| What three physical properties are shared by most metals? | luster, malleability, conductivity |
| Would a metal in Group 13 be more or less reactive than a metal in Group 1? Explain. | A metal in Group 13 would be less reactive than a metal in Group 1. The closer to the middle the element is, the less reactive it is. The closer to the end of the periodic table the element is, the more reactive it is, w/the exception of the nonmetals |
| In what periods are the lanthanides and the actinides? Where are they placed in the periodic table? Why? | Lanthanides + actinides are located in Periods 6 + 7 of the table. They are placed below the table for space efficiency; better compacts the periodic table |
| Corrosion | The reaction of a metal w/ oxygen to form rust |
| Malleability | the extent that a material can be hammered into sheets + other shapes |
| Particle accelerator | powerful machine that moves nuclear particles fast enough to make larger nuclei when the particles collide |
| Conductivity | the ability to transmit heat or electricity to other objects |
| Ductility | the extent that a material can be drawn into a wire w/o breaking |
| Reactivity | the ease + speed w/ which an element combines w/ other elements + compounds |
| What are the metals in Group 1? | Akali metals (so reactive that they are never found uncombined in nature) |
| What are the metals in Group 2? | Alkaline earth metals (not as reactive as alkali metals, but also so reactive that they are never found uncombined in nature) |
| What are the elements in Groups 3 through 12? | Transition metals (form bridge between very reactive metals and less reactive metals + other elements |
| What are in Groups 13 through 15? | Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids, that are not nearly as reactive as those on the left side of the table |
| How are elements that follow uranium made - or synthesized? | Elements are synthesized when nuclear particles are forced to crash into one another |
| What type of elements do particle accelerators make? | Synthetic elements w/ atomic numbers above 95 |
| What are nonmetals? | elements that lack most of the properties of metals |
| What are the properties of nonmetals? | Poor conductors of electricity + heat, reactive w/ other elements, dull + brittle |
| What are halogens? | Elements in Group 17; typically gains/shares 1 electron when it reacts; very reactive in elemental form |
| What are noble gases? | elements in Group 18; do not ordinarily form compounds, since elements do not gain/lose/share electrons |
| What are metalloids? How are they useful? | Elements that have some of the characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals. Most useful property is their varying ability to conduct electricity |
| What are semiconductors? What are used to make them? | Substances that under some conditions can carry electricity, + other under conditions cannot. Metalloids are used to make semiconductors |
Created by:
Mindsweeper
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