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Psychology Unit 2:
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Simple form of learning, a stimulus calls forth the response that is called forth by another stimulus. | Classical conditioning |
| People and animals learn to do certain things and not others | Operant conditioning |
| When a conditioned stimulus is no longer followed by and unconditioned stimulus, it will eventually lose its ability to bring a unconditional response. | Extinction |
| Organisms sometimes display responses that were extinguished earlier. | Spontaneous Recovery |
| The act of responding in the same ways to stimuli that seems to be similar, even if the stimuli aren't identical. | Generalization |
| The act of responding differently to stimuli that aren't similar to each other. | Discrimination |
| When a stimulus increases the chances that the preceding behavior will occur again. | Reinforcement |
| Something that produces a reaction | Stimulus |
| Reaction that occurred due to stimulus. | Response |
| Learning | Conditioning |
| US | Unconditioned stimulus, a stimulus that causes a response that is automatic, not learned. |
| UR | Unconditioned response, the automatic response of an unconditioned stimulus. |
| CR | Conditioned response, a learned response to a stimulus that was previously neutral, or meaningless. |
| CS | Conditioned stimulus, a learned stimulus. |
| What are the 4 types of operant conditioning? | Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, aversive techniques (punishment), extinction. |
| Ratio schedule | given after a response (can be variable or fixed) |
| Interval schedule | given after a period of time (can be variable or fixed) |
| PQ4R | Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review. |
| What is an example of Preview? | Skim the chapter in a book. Read objectives to get a general idea of the topic. Form questions. |
| What is an example of Read? | Write down key words and take notes. |
| What is an example of Reflect? | Think back on the information you've read and think of examples or relate the information to things you already know. |
| What is a example of Recite? | Write down the information repeatedly or say it out loud several times. |
| What is an example of Review? |