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Pediatric Reflexes -
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Primitive Reflex/Spinal Reflex | Flexor withdrawal, crossed extension, traction, moro, startle, grasp |
| Tonic/Brainstem Reflexes | ATNR, STNR, symmetrical tonic labyrinthine, positive supporting, associated rxns |
| Midbrain/Cortical Reflexes | NOB, BOB, LR, OR, BOH, protective extension, equilibrium rxns (tilting), equilibrium rxns (postural fixation) |
| Flexor Withdrawal | Noxious Stimulus to sole of foot. Tested in supine or sitting. |
| Flexor Withdrawal | Toes extend, foot dorsiflexes, leg flexes uncontrollably. |
| Flexor Withdrawal | Onset: 28 wks gestation Integrated: 1-2 mths |
| Crossed extension | Noxious stimulus to ball of foot of extremity in extension; tested in supine. |
| Crossed extension | Opposite lower extremity flexes, then adducts and extends. |
| Crossed extension | Onset: 28 wks gestation Integrated: 1-2 mths |
| Traction | Grasp forearm and pull up from supine to sitting. |
| Traction | Grasp and total flexion of the upper extremity |
| Traction | Onset: 28 wks gestation Integrated: 2-5 months |
| Moro | Drop pt. backward from sitting position |
| Moro | Extension, abduction of UE, hand opening, and crying followed by flexion, adduction of arms across chest |
| Moro | Onset: 28 wks Integration: 5-6 months |
| Startle | Sudden loud or harsh noise |
| Startle | Sudden ext or abd of arms, crying |
| Startle | Onset: birth Integrated: persists |
| Grasp | Pressure to palm of hand or ball of foot |
| Grasp | Maintained flexion of fingers or toes |
| Grasp | Onset: birth (palmar); 28 wks gestation (plantar) Integration: palmer (4-6 mths); plantar (9 mths) |
| ATNR | Rotation of the head to one side |
| ATNR | fencing posture |
| ATNR | Onset: birth Integration: 4-6 mths |
| STNR | Flexion or ext of head |
| STNR | With head flexion, flexion of arms, extension of legs. Opposite for extension. |
| STNR | Onset: 4-6 mths Integration: 8-12 mths |
| STLR | Prone or supine |
| STLR | Prone: increased flexion of all limbs. Supine: opposite. |
| STLR | Onset: birth Integration: 6 mths |
| Positive supporting | Contact to ball of foot in standing |
| Positive supporting | Rigid extension of LE |
| PS | Onset: birth Integrated: 6 mths |
| Associated Rxns | Resisted voluntary mvmt in any part of the body |
| Associated Rxns | Involuntary mvmt in a resting extremity |
| Associated Rxns | Onset: birth to 3 mths Integrated: 8-9 yrs |
| NOB | Pasively turn head to one side; supine |
| NOB | Body rotates as a whole to align body w/ head Onset: 4-6 mths Integrated: 5 yrs |
| BOB | Passively rotate upper or lower trunk segment; supine |
| BOB | Body segment not rotated follows to align the body segmetns Onset: 4-6 mths Integrated: 5 yrs |
| LR | Occlude vision; tip body in all directions |
| LR | Head orients to vertical postion Onset: birth to 2 months Integrated: persists |
| OR | Alter body position by tipping body in all directions |
| OR | Head orients to vertical Onset: birth - 2 mths Integrated: persists |
| BOH | Place in prone or supine |
| BOH | Head orients to vertical positon. Onset: birth - 2mths Integrated: 5 yrs |
| Protective Ext | Displace center of gravity outside BOS |
| Protective Ext | Arms or legs extend and abduct to support and to protect the body against falling Onset: arms 4-6 mths; legs 6-9 mths Integration: persists |
| ER (tilting) | Displace center of gravity by tilting or moving the support surface |
| ER (tilting) | Curvature of trunk toward upward side along w/ ext and abd of the extremtiies on that side; protective ext on opposite side Onset: prone 6 mths; supine 7-8 mths; sitting 7-8 mths; quadruped 9-12 mths; standing 12-21 mths; integrated: persists |
| ER (postural fixation) | Apply displacing force to body, altering center of gravity in its relation to BOS; can be observed druing voluntary activity |
| ER (postural fixation) | Curvature of trunk toward force w/ ext and abd of extremities on that side Onset: prone 6 mths; supine and sitting 7-8 mths; quadruped 9-12 mths; standing 12-21 mths Integrated: persists |
Created by:
smirfa
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