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Pharm test 2 DSN

QuestionAnswer
Cholinergic Drugs are used for the treatment of glaucoma,GI disorders, bladder disorders, Myasthinia Gravis, Alzhemiers, Excessively dry mouth (Sjorgrens Disease)
carbachol and pilocarpine Cholinerics drug Topical ointment or eye drops Only cholinergic to be considered irreversible Poor oral absorption Pupil constriction Treatment of Glaucoma and Intraocular pressure
bethanechol (Urecholine) for GI use Cholinergic drug IV or PO Increased gastric secretions Nursing implications: Post op Treatment of Post op GI atony
bethanechol (Urecholine) for urinary use Cholinergic drug IV or PO Increased frequency, bladder tone, motility, relaxation of the bladder sphincter Treatment of urinary retention Should urinate within 60 min of med administration
pyrodostigmine (Mestonin) Cholinergic drug Must be taken 30 min before meals Improves muscle contraction and strength Treatment of Myesthinia Gravis
physostigmine (Antilirium) Cholinergic drug IV or IM Passes the BBB so it treats overdoses quickly Improves muscle contraction and myo strength Treatment of Tricyclic antidepressant overdose and Myasthinia gravis
doneepezil (Aricept) Cholinergic drug Once a day dose PO 6 weeks for therapeutic effects Increases levels of acetylcholine treatment of Alzheimer's disease
cevimeline (Evoxac) Cholinergic drug 30 minutes before meals Increase salivation and lacrimation Treatment of Xerostomia in Sjorgrens disease Caution when giving to asthmatics and COPD patients
S-L-U-D-G-E Salivation Lacrimation Urinary incontinence Diarrhea GI cramps Emesis (vomiting)
Antidote for Cholinergic drugs atropine sulphate
Adverse effects to Cholinergic drugs Cardiovascular (bradycardia, vasodilation, hypotension, AV block, cardiac arrest) CNS (headache, dizziness, convulsions) Respiratory (Bronchospasm, increased bronchial excretions) GI (cramping, increased secretions, nausea, vomiting)
Nursing implications for Cholinergic Drugs Asthma/COPD GI/GU obstruction or strictures Epilepsy Coronary artery disease Hypotension Bradycardia Hyperthyroidism
Cholinergic Drugs Drugs that stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system Most mimic the actions of acetylcholine
Anticholinergic Drugs Drugs the block the action of acetylcholine
Anticholinergic drugs are used for the treatment of Parkinsons disease Heart disorders respiratory disorders IBS Neurogenic bladder and incontinence Motion sickness Reduction of salivation
benzotropine mesylate (Cogentin) Anticholinergic Drug PO Decrease muscle rigidity and tremors Treatment of Parkinson's and Drug induced extrapyramidal reactions
atropine Anticholinergic Drug IV Affects the heart High doses will increase HR by blocking inhibitory vagal effects on the SA and AV node pacemaker cells Treatment of sinus node dysfunction, Symptomatic 2nd degree heart block, severe sinus bradycardia
atropine warnings decreases secretions from the nose, mouth and bronchi relaxed smooth muscle in the bronchi and bronchioles bronchodilation Treatment of airway induced bronchospams, chronic bronchitis, asthma, COPD
Antidote for atropine physostigmine (antilirium)
dicyclomine (Bentyl) Anticholinergic PO Decreased secretion, relaxation of smooth muscle, decreased GI motility and paristalsis Treatment of IBS
oxybutynin (Ditropan) Anticholinergic PO Antispasmodic Treatment of neurogenic bladder high incidence of dry mouth
tolterodine (Detrol) anticholinergic PO Antispasmodic Treatment of overactive bladder low incidence of dry mouth
solifenacin (Vesicare) Anticholinergic PO Antispasmodic Treatment of overactive bladder
scopolamine (Transderm-scop) Anticholinergic Patch(behind ear) or IV Treatment of Motion sickness
glycopyrrolate (Robinul) Anticholinergic PO IV IM Treatment of peptic ulcer disease, decreases salivation Can be given to CP, Quad, or vegetative patients
Anticholinergic Drug-Drug Interactions DO NOT give with Antihistamines phenthiazines antipsychotics tricyclic antidepressants MAOI's
Contraindications of anticholinergics Narrow angle glaucoma Myasthenia gravis GI/GU obstruction "Acute" Cardio disease "Acute" asthma
Adverse effects Stop sweating (need to come inside from the sun. can have heat stroke after 10 min)
Drugs for overactive bladder oxybutynin (Ditropan) tolterodine (Detrol) (preferred) solifenacin (Vesicare)
Drugs to treat Myasthenia Gravis pyridostigmine (Mestinon) physostigmine (Antilerium)
Created by: Dhyana
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