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IOS 9 Altiere

Exam 1 Hormone actions

QuestionAnswer
Hypothalamus secretes GnRH, GHRH, SS, TRH, CRH, PIH (DA)/PRH
GnRH stimulates the anterior pitutary to release Release of FSH and LH
GHRH (LHRH-A) stimulates the anterior pitutary to secrete Release GH. Overstimulation causes feedback inhibition.
SS stimulates the anterior pitutary to Inhibit GH and TSH
TRH stimulates the anterior pitutary to Release TSH
CRH stimulates the anterior pitutary to Release ACTH
DA stimulates the anterior pitutary to Inhibit the release of prolactin
PRH stimulates the anterior pitutary to Release prolactin
Low ACTh causes hypoadrenalism
Low TSH Hypothyroidism
High prolactin causes Hyperprolactinemia and Galactorrhea
Injections of GnRH-A will Stimulate FSH & LH promoting synthesis of estrogen and testosterone (diagnosis if reach pituatry)
Low GnRH causes Hypogonadism
Long term administration of GnRH causes Initial burst will increase FSH and LH but receptors will doen regulate decrease sex hormone synthesis
GnRH is very effective in treating prostate cancer because Less testosterone levels removes stimuli for cancer tumor growth
GH-growth hormone stimulates linear growth by Release of somatomedins from liver (IGF-1) to stimulate linear bone growth, also alter CHO, Protein metabolism to enhance growth
Sex hormones diminish linear growth by Stimulating the closure of epiphyseal plates
Combinations of GH and LHRH-A (GnRH) cause Increase height in growth hormone deficient adolecents by increasing somatomedians and inhibiting sex hormones (epiphyseal opening)
If a patient presents with high TSH and low T4, T3 indicates Hypothyroid function with normal pitutary function
High TSH, low T3,T4, and thyroid antibodies indicates Primary autoimmune hypothyroidism called Hashimoto's thyroiditis
If patient has high TSH, low T3,T4 and challange does not alter TSH levels indicates Secondary hypothyroidism
Secondary hypothyrodism TSH is high and T3,T4 are low and challenge of TSH fails to increase identifying the anterior pitutary
S/S of hyperhyroidism Tremors, anxiety, nervousness, sweating, and strong palpitations, wt loss
Graves disease primary autoimmune hyperthyroism: High T4&T3;low TSH and challenge does not cause feedback inhibition.
High ACTH and low cortisol duggest hypoandrenocorticolism. Less negative feedback on hypothalamus and anterior pitutary hence more ACTH
Addisons disease Primary adrenal insufficiency- diminished negative feedback from low cortisol results in elevated levels of ACTH
Cosyntropin test Differentiates between primary disease (adrenal cortex) and secondary(pitutary problems) If cosyntropin stimulates increase in cortisol then not adrenal cortex.
High ACTH and high cortisol suggest excessive adrenal cortex function and loss of negative feedback by cortisol on ACTH production
Cushings disease Excessive ACTH causing excessive adrenal cortex function.
Dexamethasone suppression test High dose of dexamethasone should stimulate negative feedback inhibition mechanism and reduce ACTH. If reduced anterior pitutary is issue making to much
Elevated serum prolactin Hyperprolactinemia: stimulating the breast to produce milk and inhibition FSH and LH leading to amenorrhea
Bromocriptine treatment in galactorrhea An agonist of DA, would inhibit prolactin and problem indicated in anterior pitutary or hypothalamus and not under normal control
SSRI incease 5HT and can stimulate Prolactin, galactorrhea, and irregular menstrual cycles
OVarian Cycles various:homones Low estradiol levels cause less negative feedback on hypothalamus and pitutary resulting in increase FSH and LH. FSH stimulates follicles to mature, which release estradiol negative feedback to reduce FSH. At high estridol= LH surge ovulation
Post menopause lack of follicles Less estradiol released
Menopause FSL and LH levels FSH exceeds LH in menopause and reduced negative feedback of estradiol on hypothalamus and pitutary = greater production
What hypothalamic hormones control breast milk secretion PIH- prolactin inhibiting hormone (DA), PRH=prolactin release & synthesis, Oxytocin-stimulates mammary to release milk
What hormones are needed for milk production Prolactin and oxytocin
What are the actions of progesterone and estrogen on milk production High Estrogen & progesterone concentrations inhibit prolactin . Low progesterone does not have an affect on milk production
Why Progesterone only mini pill for breastfeeding women COC can inhibit milk production. Progesterone only in low do not inhibit milk production
Created by: liza001
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