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Unit 3 & Unit 4:

Atomic Theory, Structure & the Periodic Table

QuestionAnswer
proton positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus
neutron neutral (no charge) subatomic particle found in the nucleus
electron negatively charged subatomic particle found in the electron cloud
atom the smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of that element
atomic number the number that identifies an element as the number of protons in the nucleus
mass number the mass of a specific isotope of an element (number of protons + number of neutrons)
average mass the weighted average of the mass numbers of all the isotopes of an element (a.k.a. average atomic mass)
nucleus dense core of an atom that carries a positive charge and composed protons & neutrons
electron cloud a cloud of negative charge that surrounds the nucleus of an atom composed of electrons
Isotopes atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
Metalloids or semi-metallics or semi-conductors elements that have properties of both metals & non metals that are found along the stair step that divides the periodic table
transition metals mildly reactive metal elements located in the "B" groups or 3-12
alkali metals very reactive metal elements located in group 1A or 1
alkaline earth metals active metal elements located in group 2A or 2
noble gases inert (non reactive) gas elements located in group 8A or 18
halogens very active nonmetallic elements located in group 7A or 17
metals elements having 3 or fewer electrons in their outer energy level
nonmetals elements having 5 or more electrons in their outer energy level
Periodic Table Group or Family the elements in a column on the periodic table. The group number relates the number of valence electrons in each of the elements in the group.
Periodic Table Period the elements in a row on the periodic table. The period number gives the number of energy levels of the elements in that period.
Created by: tlholdri
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