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Ch. 3 American Gov.

Notes

QuestionAnswer
Federalism A political concept in stem of the government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between a central governing authority and constituent political units
Unitary Government A system of political organization in which most or all of the governing power resides in a centralized government.
Intergovernmental Reltions Provides a broad array of services to the public and state local and tribal governments
Supremcy Clause Asserts and establishes the Constitution, the federal laws made in pursuance of the Constitution, and treaties made by the United States with foreign nations
Tenth Amendment Powers not granted to the federal government nor prohibited to the states by the Constitution of the United States are reserved to the states or the people.
Enumerated Powers Congress may exercise only those powers that are granted to it by the Constitution
Implied Powers Powers authorized by the constitution which, while not stated, are seemed to be implied by powers expressly stated.
Elstic Clause a statement in the U.S. Constitution (Article I, Section 8) granting Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers.
Full Faith and Credit A clause in Article IV of the Constitution requiring each state to recognize the official judgements documents and civil judgements.
Extradition A legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by officals of the state in which the crime took place
Privileges and Immunities Clause in Article IV, according citizens of each state most of the privileges of citizens of the other states
Dual Federalism A system of government in which both the states and the national government remain supreme with-in their own spheres.
Cooperative Federalism A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government
Fiscal Federalism The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system
Categorical Grants Federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes, or "categories" of state and local spending
Project Grants Categorical grants given for specific purposes and awarded on the basis of the merits of applicants
Formula Grants Categorical grants distributed according to formula specified in legislation or in administrative regulations.
Block Grants Federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs in communities.
McCulloch vs. Maryland 1819 Supreme Court decision that established the supremacy of the national government over state governments.
Gibbons vs. Ogden Landmark case decided in 1824. Gave congress the power to regulate interstate commerce, encompassing virtually every form of commercial activity.
In this type of system, the national government can redraw the boundaries of local governments or change their form. Elastic Cluase
The supremacy of the national government over the states was established by this court case. McCulloch v. Maryland
Examples of this include the power of Congress to coin money, regulate its value, and impose taxes. Full Faith and Credit
In this case, the Supreme Court broadly defined commerce to include virtually every form of commercial activity. Gibbons v. Ogden
When a state returns a person charged with a crime in another state to that state for trial or imprisonment, they are practicing this constitutional requirement. Extradition
This type of federalism has been likened to a "Marble Cake". Cooperative Federalism
These grants are awarded on the basis of competitive applications. Project Grants
This was a response to the state and local governmental unhappiness with cumbersome and tedious categorical grants. Formula Grants
In federalism, governmental power and authority is... Shared between governments
The majority of the world's governments are federal systems. False
An example of a unitary government is... France
The American states are unitary with respect to their local governments. True
When it comes to presidential campaigns, the candidates can basically ignore the states. False
The federal system in America decentralizes... Politics, government, and policies
In the U.S., the federal government is responsibile for most social, family, and moral public policies. False
Sometimes social issues become national issues when groups try to use the power of the national government to influence the states. True
The following statements are true regarding the states... -Constitute a national laboratory to develop and test policies. - National policies had their beginings in the states. - Share results of new policy ideas with other states and national government
The term federalism is found repeatedly in the Constitution. False
The following statements about the Constitution are true.. -Forbids Congress to divide up individual states - Unamendable as to the equal representation of the states in the Senate - Requires the national government to protext states against invasion.
According to the supremacy clause, the supreme law of land consists of... The constitution, Laws of the national government, and treaties
The constitution grants the national government exclusive power to... Coin Money
The Constitution specifically denies to states the power to... Tax imports and exports
The tenth Amendment provides... The delegation of power of the states and the people.
The question of how national and state powers are related was largely settled by... The civil rights movement, the case of McCulloch v. Maryland, and the Civil War
In 1791, the newly created national bank was regarded favorably by... Federalists
One of the country;s ablest lawyers, who argued the case for Maryland before the Supreme Court in McCulloch v. Maryland, was... Luther Martin
In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court stated that as long as the national government behaves in accordance with the Constitution, its policies take precedence over state policies. True
Created by: KaylaNLee18
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