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Cardiac A & P HCCRT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the four chambers? | Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Ventricle, Left Atrium |
| What are the heart valves? | Pulmonary Semilunar Valve, Aortic Valve, Left AV(Mitral) valve, Right AV(Tricuspid) Valve |
| Where is the Pulmonary semilunar Valve? | Allows bl flow from the R ventricle to the pulmonary artery sending bl to the lungs |
| What are the pulse sites? | Temporal, Facial, Carotid, Brachial, Radial, Femoral, Popliteal, Posterior Tibial, Dorsal Pedal |
| Cardiac Output | The total amount of bl discharged from the ventricles per minute ( 3 decimal places to the right) |
| Formula for Cardiac Output | SV X HR Normal range: 4-8L/Min |
| Formula for Cardiac Index | CO/ BSA |
| Normal Range for Cardiac Index | 2.5-4.2 L/min |
| Formula for Stroke Volume | CO/HR |
| Normal Range for Stroke Volume | 40-80 ml |
| Normal Range for Central Venous Pressure (CVP) | 0-8 mmHg |
| Normal Range for Right Atrial Pressure (RAP) | 0-8 mmHg |
| Normal Range for Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PA) | 9-18 mmHg |
| Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure (PCWP) | 4-12 mmHg |
| Define Stroke Volume | The amount of blood ejected from the ventricle during each contraction |
| What is hematocrit? | The percentage of RBCs in relation to the total volume of blood |
| Normal Hematocrit for Males | 45% |
| Normal Hematocrit for Females | 42% |
| Normal Hemoglobin for Males | 14-18 gm/100 ml of blood |
| Normal Hemoglobin for Females | 12-16 gm/100 ml of blood |
| Blood cells are what % of total bl volume? | 45% |
| Plasma makes up what % of total bl volume? | 55% |
| What is trabeculae carneae? | A cord tissue that serves as a supporting structure by forming a septum that extends into an organ from its wall or capsule. |
| Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)Formula | Systolic pressure + (Diastolic X 2)/ 3 |
| What is mean arterial pressure? | Average of Pressure pushing through systemic circulation |
| MAP <60 mmHg... | circulation to vital organs compromised |
| Map >100 mmHg after vascular surgery or aneurysms... | may need antihypertensive agents and vasodilators |
| What is pulse pressure? | Difference between the diastolic and systolic pressure |
| Decreased pulse pressure leads to... | decrease in diastolic pressure in patients developing hypovolemic shock |
| Pulse pressure is first sign for what? | blood volume loss |
| Normal range for Arterial Blood Pressure | 120/80 mmHg |
| What do arteries do? | Carry blood away from the heart; "Resistance vessels" |
| What do veins do? | Hold large amt of bl with very little pressure change; "Capacitance vessels" |
| Inotropism | How strong the heart beats |
| Positive Inotropism | Increase in myocardial contractility |
| Negative Inotropism | Decrease in myocardial contractility |
| What would an Inotropic drug do? | Increase the strength of contraction |
| Chronotropism | Rate of myocardial contraction |
| Positive Chronotropism | Increase in the rate of myocardial contraction |
| Negative Chronotropism | Decrease in the rate of myocardial contraction |
| What would a Chronotropism drug do? | Increase the rate of contraction |
| Starling Law | Ability of the heart to stretch and pump out more blood |
| Limit of Starlings Law | If the heart is pushed beyond its ability to accommodate the inccreased blood supply and subsequent myocardial stretch the heart will go into failure; pulmonary edema decreases CO |
| Normal range of MAP | 80-100 mmHg |
Created by:
sweetpea15kp
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