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Anticonvulsants
Overview
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are some causes of seizures? | Kongenital Infections Trauma Toxins Environmental factors Neurological disorders Drugs Metabolic Factors Viruses |
| Single locus seizure; Does not spread and is confined to a single limb or muscle group. Can occur at any age and consciousness is not lost? | Simple Partial |
| Type of seizure that is localized and becomes widespread. Can have: hallucinations & mental distortion, loss of consciousness, and automatisms? | Complex Partial |
| What are the two type of seizures? | Partial & Generalized |
| Partial seizure precedes grand mal seizure (tonic-clonic) | Secondarily Generalized Attack |
| Side effect of this type of seizure is urinary incontinence? | Tonic-Clonic (Grand Mal) |
| Type of seizure that has 2 phases: Tonic and Clonic? | Tonic-Clonic (grand mal) |
| Seizure characterized by being brief and abrupt, has a short duration of 5-10 seconds, has a loss of consciousness and the eyelids flutter? | Absence Seizure |
| Seizure is characterized by short episodes of muscle contractions, often neurological damage (hypoxia, uremia, encephalitis, drug poisoning) | Myoclonic Seizure |
| Infantile Seizures | Brief recurrent myoclonic jerks of body w/ sudden flexion and extension of body & limbs; associated w/ illness & fever in infants |
| Seizures recur w/in short time; last 30 minutes, and consciousness is not regained | Status Epilepticus |
| Status Epilepticus can be treated with I.V. meds such as: | Fosphenytoin, Phenytoin, Lorazepam, Diazepam |
| Which drug can cause gingival hyperplasia, cleft palate, and fetal hydantion syndrome? | Phenytoin |
| Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Primidone, Carbamazepine, Valproate, and Ethosuximode requires what type of monitoring: | Plasma Concentration |
| Valproate can cause: | spinal bifida |
| Diastat is given rectally and is repeated: | Once after 5 minutes |
| Medications that can cause seizures: | Amoxapine Bupropion Clozapine Ludiomil Mellaril Theophylline Thorazine |
| Serum Concentration of Carbamazepine | 4-12 ug/ml |
| Serum Concentration of Phenytoin | 10-20 ug/ml |
| Serum Concentration of Phenobarbital | 15-45 ug/ml |
| Serum Concentration of Valproate | 40-100 ug/ml |
| Stevens-Johnson syndrome is associated withL | Carbamazepine, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, and phenobarbital. |
| Generic Name: Leviteracetam | Brand Name:Keppra |
| Generic Name: Zonisamide | Brand Name:Zonegran |
| Generic Name: Pregabelin | Brand Name: Lyrica |
| Generic Name: Oxcarbazepine | Brand Name: Trileptal |
| Generic Name: Lamotrigine | Brand name: Lamictal |
| Generic Name: Valproate (valproic acid) | Brand Name: Depakote |
| Generic Name: Gabapentin | |
| What are some causes of seizures? | Kongenital Infections Trauma Toxins Environmental factors Neurological disorders Drugs Metabolic Factors Viruses |
| Single locus seizure; Does not spread and is confined to a single limb or muscle group. Can occur at any age and consciousness is not lost? | Simple Partial |
| Type of seizure that is localized and becomes widespread. Can have: hallucinations & mental distortion, loss of consciousness, and automatisms? | Complex Partial |
| What are the two type of seizures? | Partial & Generalized |
| Partial seizure precedes grand mal seizure (tonic-clonic) | Secondarily Generalized Attack |
| Side effect of this type of seizure is urinary incontinence? | Tonic-Clonic (Grand Mal) |
| Type of seizure that has 2 phases: Tonic and Clonic? | Tonic-Clonic (grand mal) |
| Seizure characterized by being brief and abrupt, has a short duration of 5-10 seconds, has a loss of consciousness and the eyelids flutter? | Absence Seizure |
| Seizure is characterized by short episodes of muscle contractions, often neurological damage (hypoxia, uremia, encephalitis, drug poisoning) | Myoclonic Seizure |
| Infantile Seizures | Brief recurrent myoclonic jerks of body w/ sudden flexion and extension of body & limbs; associated w/ illness & fever in infants |
| Seizures recur w/in short time; last 30 minutes, and consciousness is not regained | Status Epilepticus |
| Status Epilepticus can be treated with I.V. meds such as: | Fosphenytoin, Phenytoin, Lorazepam, Diazepam |
| Which drug can cause gingival hyperplasia, cleft palate, and fetal hydantion syndrome? | Phenytoin |
| Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Primidone, Carbamazepine, Valproate, and Ethosuximode requires what type of monitoring: | Plasma Concentration |
| Valproate can cause: | spinal bifida |
| Diastat is given rectally and is repeated: | Once after 5 minutes |
| Medications that can cause seizures: | Amoxapine Bupropion Clozapine Ludiomil Mellaril Theophylline Thorazine |
| Serum Concentration of Carbamazepine | 4-12 ug/ml |
| Serum Concentration of Phenytoin | 10-20 ug/ml |
| Serum Concentration of Phenobarbital | 15-45 ug/ml |
| Serum Concentration of Valproate | 40-100 ug/ml |
| Stevens-Johnson syndrome is associated withL | Carbamazepine, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, and phenobarbital. |
| Generic Name: Leviteracetam | Brand Name:Keppra |
| Generic Name: Zonisamide | Brand Name:Zonegran |
| Generic Name: Pregabelin | Brand Name: Lyrica |
| Generic Name: Oxcarbazepine | Brand Name: Trileptal |
| Generic Name: Lamotrigine | Brand name: Lamictal |
| Generic Name: Valproate (valproic acid) | Brand Name: Depakote |
| Generic Name: Gabapentin | Brand Name: Neurontin |
| Which drugs are available in extended-release? | Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine, Valproate |
| Which drugs are available as chewable tablets? | Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine, Phenytoin, Trimethadoine |
| Which drugs are available as sprinkle formulation? | Topiramate (Topamax) Valproate (Depakote) |
Created by:
dbpharm13
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