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CNS 5

Pharmacological CategoryGeneric NameBrand NameCommon IndicationsEssential KnowledgeBBW
Antianxiety Agent buspirone Buspar Anxiety dizziness, drowsiness, nausea ON: do not use with MAOI ---
Benzodiazepine alprazolam (CS-IV) Xanax Anxiety daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions
Benzodiazepine clonazepam (CS-IV) Klonopin Anxiety, Seizure disorders daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions
Benzodiazepine diazepam (CS-IV) Valium Anxiety, Seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions
Benzodiazepine lorazepam (CS-IV) Ativan Anxiety, Seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia ON: parenteral contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity is used >48 hrs risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions
Benzodiazepine midazolam (CS-IV) Versed Anesthesia, Sedation hypotension, apnea, bradycardia risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma/death w/ opioids or used for sedation in noncritical settings; risk of abuse misuse, addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal rxn; dose must be individualized; never give by rapid inj in neonates
Hypnotic zolpidem (CS-IV) PO: Ambien, Ambien CR SL: Edluar Insomnia decreased ability to function the next morning, somnolence, headache, dizziness, xerostomia, anterograde amnesia, parasomnias serious injuries, including death, have occurred because of complex sleep behaviors (sleep-walking, sleep driving, and engaging in activities while not fully awake; CI in pts w/ h/o complex sleep behaviors
Sleep Aid melatonin (OTC) --- Insomnia, Jetlag drowsiness, daytime somnolence ---
Sedative, general anesthetic propofol Diprivan Sedation for mechanical ventilation, procedural anesthesia, status epilepticus bradycardia, hypotension, hypertriglyceridemia, propofol-related insufion syndrome (rare) ON: formulated as 10% lipid emulsion containing 1:1 kcal/mL ---
Alpha2 agonist, sedative dexmedetomidine Precedex Sedation for mechanical ventilation or procedures bradycardia, hypotension ON: tolerance and tachyphylaxis may occur if used longer than 24 hours ---
Created by: TORICBC
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