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Chapter 22

TermDefinition
GERD The lower esophageal sphincter relaxes. Acid backs into the chest and throat.
Antacid Neutralizes acid already in the stomach. Fast and short-lived.
H2 blocker Lowers acid secretion by blocking the histamine receptor.
Proton pump inhibitor Blocks the pump that makes stomach acid. Stronger than an H2 blocker.
Calcium carbonate (Tums) Antacid. Fast relief for heartburn.
Famotidine (Pepcid) H2 blocker. The current fill. Old ranitidine was pulled.
Omeprazole (Prilosec), Pantoprazole (Protonix), Esomeprazole (Nexium) PPI. Once daily, 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast.
Aluminum hydroxide Antacid that constipates. Often paired with magnesium.
Magnesium hydroxide Antacid that loosens stool. Balances an aluminum product.
H. pylori Bacterium in the stomach lining that helps cause ulcers. Needs antibiotics plus a PPI.
Crohn's disease Ulcerations anywhere from mouth to anus. Structural damage.
Ulcerative colitis Inflammation of the colon and rectum only. Often bloody diarrhea.
IBS Pain plus altered bowel habits. No structural damage on a scope.
Mesalamine (Asacol) 5-ASA for inflammatory bowel disease.
Loperamide (Imodium) Slows the gut. Diarrhea.
Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) Coats the gut. Traveler's diarrhea and upset stomach.
Diphenoxylate/atropine (Lomotil) C-V antidiarrheal. Short-term. Atropine discourages abuse.
Docusate (Colace) Stool softener. Pulls water and fat into the stool.
Polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX) Osmotic laxative. Draws water into the bowel.
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) Stimulant laxative. Short-term. Irritates the bowel wall.
Simethicone (Gas-X) Breaks gas bubbles so they can pass.
Ondansetron (Zofran) Anti-nausea. The everyday fill, including after chemo.
Metoclopramide (Reglan) Nausea, and it also moves the gut.
Created by: tomknoah
Popular Pharmacology sets

 

 



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