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PSY CH1 Terms
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Ethnocentrism | The tendency to view one's own group as superior to others |
Structuralism | Based on the notion that the task of psychology is to analyze consciousness into its basic elements and investigate how these elements are related |
Introspection | the method of careful,systematic self observation of one's own conscious experience |
Functionalism | Based on the belief that psychology should investigate the function of the conscious, rather than the structure |
Unconscious | contains the thoughts, memories, and desires well below the surface of conscious awareness but influences behavior |
Psychoanalytic Theory | behavior, personality, motivation, and mental disorders are caused by the unconscious |
Behaviorism | theory that psychology should only study observable behavior |
Behavior | any observable response by an organism |
Humanism | theory that emphasizes the unique qualities of humans, especially their freedom and their potential for growth |
Applied Psychology | the branch of psychology concerned with everyday practical problems |
Clinical Psychology | the branch of psychology concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mental problems and disorders |
Cognition | the mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge |
Evolutionary Psychology | explains psychological traits—such as memory, perception, or language—as adaptations as the functional products of natural selection |
Positive psychology | uses theory and research to better understand the positive, adaptive, creative, and fulfilling aspects of human life |
Empiricism | the premise that knowledge should be acquired through observation |
Theory | a system of interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations |