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Geography - Unit 2
The Physical World
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Solar energy | energy from the sun |
| Rotation | one complete spin of Earth on its axis; each rotation takes about 24 hours |
| Revolution | the 365¼ day trip Earth takes around the sun each year |
| Tropics | regions close to the equator |
| Freshwater | water that is not salty; it makes up only about 3 percent of our total water supply |
| Glaciers | a large area of slow moving ice |
| Surface Water | water that is found in Earth’s streams, rivers, and lakes |
| Precipitation | water that falls to Earth’s surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail |
| Groundwater | water found below Earth’s surface |
| Water vapor | water occurring in the air as an invisible gas |
| Water cycle | the movement of water from Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and back |
| landforms | a shape on the planet’s surface, such as a mountain, valley, plain, island, or peninsula |
| continents | a large landmass that is part of Earth’s crust; geographers identify seven continents |
| plate tectonics | a theory suggesting that Earth’s surface is divided into a dozen or so slow-moving plates, or pieces of Earth’s crust |
| lava | magma that reaches Earth’s surface |
| earthquakes | a sudden, violent movement of Earth’s crust |
| weathering | the process by which rock is broken down into smaller pieces |
| erosion | the movement of sediment from one location to another |
| alluvial deposition | a process in which rivers create floodplains by flooding their banks and depositing sediment along the banks |
| weather | the short-term changes in the air for a given place and time |
| climate | a region’s average weather conditions over a long period of time |
| prevailing winds | winds that blow in the same direction over large areas of Earth |
| ocean currents | large streams of surface seawater; they move heat around Earth |
| front | the place where two air masses of different temperatures or moisture content meet |
| monsoons | a seasonal wind that brings either dry or moist air |
| savannas | an area of tall grasses and scattered trees and shrubs |
| steppes | a semidry grassland or prairie; steppes often border deserts |
| permafrost | permanently frozen layers of soil |
Created by:
baldtayl
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