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Trimester 1 terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| synonyms | a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word |
| antonym | a word that has the opposite meaning of another word |
| suffix -able | "capable of," "fit for," or "able to be done |
| suffix | a letter or group of letters added at the end of a word to change its meaning, grammar, or part of speech |
| prefix | a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a root word to change its meaning |
| root | the core, fundamental part of a word that carries its basic meaning |
| text structure | how an author organizes their writing to help readers understand the ideas |
| cause and effect | A way of organizing writing that explains why something happened (the cause) and what happened as a result (the effect). |
| problem solution | text structure introduces a challenge or issue and then explains how it is fixed or answered |
| chronological order | he organization of information in a text based on the sequence of time |
| compare contrast | : A text structure that explains how two or more things are alike (comparing) and different (contrasting) |
| root sect | "cut" or "separate" |
| subject | the person, animal, place, or thing that a sentence is about |
| predicate | the "telling" part of a sentence that explains what the subject is doing or what is happening |
| simile | to compare two different things by using the words "like" or "as" |
| personification | when you give human traits, feelings, or actions to non-human things like animals, objects, or weather |
| metaphor | describing something by saying it is something else, without using the words "like" or "as" |
| connotation | The extra feeling or hidden meaning that a word gives off, way beyond its plain dictionary definition. Connotation can be negative, positive, or neutral. |
| denotation | the exact, literal, dictionary meaning of a word, without any extra feelings or hidden ideas |
| root inter- | "between" or "among" |
| pronoun | a little word that takes the place of a noun (a person, place, or thing) so you do not have to keep repeating the same name |
| subject pronoun | a word like I, you, he, she, it, we, or they that takes the place of a noun doing the action in a sentence |
| object pronoun | a word like me, him, or them that takes the place of a noun and receives the action in a sentence |
| internal conflict | a mental or emotional struggle that happens inside a person's mind when they have mixed feelings or a tough choice to make |
| external conflict | External conflict is a big problem or struggle in a story that happens between a character and an outside force |
| plot | the series of events that make up a story in a book, movie, or game, happening in a specific order from beginning to end |
| idiom | A fun saying that means something completely different from the actual words inside it example: It's raining like cats and dogs. |
| anaologies | A comparison between two different things that share a similar connection or feature to help explain a tricky idea. Example: big is to large as fast is to quick |
| root viv | "life" or "to live" |
| simple subject | the main person, place, thing, or idea that a sentence is about, stripped down to just one single word without any extra descriptive words |
| compound subject | when a sentence has two or more people, animals, or things doing the same action or sharing the same verb |
| mood | is the overall feeling or emotional "weather" that a story creates for the reader |
| root bibl | book |
| root pre | before or in front of |
| root post | after |
| root ante | before or in front of |
| suffix ion | "the act of," "the process of," or "the result of" doing something |
| direct objects | a noun or pronoun that tells who or what receives the action of the verb. |
| first person | This type of point of view is written from a character's perspective. Pronouns: I, me, my |
| third person | This type of point of view is written as though an outsider is looking in. Pronouns: he, she, etc. |
| suffix ous | "full of" or "having the quality of," and in writing, it turns a noun (a person, place, or thing) into an adjective (a describing word) |
| linking verb | connect, or “link” the subject to a word in the predicate that gives information about the condition or relationship. A linking verb does not show action. |
| alliteration | is when you put several words close together that start with the same beginning sound. |
| rhyme | is when two or more words share the same or similar ending sound |
| Predicate Nominative | is a noun or pronoun that identifies the subject. |
| main idea | the most important point or big message that an author wants you to understand from a story or a piece of writing |
| objective | Just the Facts |
| subjective | referring to how someone personally experiences, feels, and connects with the reading (opinion) |
| supporting detail | the extra facts, examples, and reasons in a story or article that explain, prove, or describe the big idea |
| evidence | Evidence in writing is a clue, fact, or exact quote from a story or article that proves your idea or answer is correct. |
| declarative sentence | A declarative sentence makes a statement. It ends with a period. Last summer I went on a long trip. |
| interrogative sentence | An interrogative sentence asks a question. It ends with a question mark. Where did you go on your vacation? |
| exclamatory sentence | An exclamatory sentence shows strong feeling. It ends with an exclamation point. I never saw so much traffic! |
| imperative sentence | An imperative sentence commands someone to do something. The subject you is understood. An imperative sentence can end with either a period or an exclamation point. (You) Look both ways before crossing the street. (You) Look out! |
| noun | Noun: A word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.• Examples: teacher, school, apple, joy • Sentence: The teacher walked into the classroom. |
| pronoun | Pronoun: A word that takes the place of a noun to avoid repeating it.• Examples: he, she, it, they, we • Sentence: Sarah has a dog, and she walks it every day. |
| Verb | Verb: A word that shows an action, event, or state of being.• Examples: run, jump, is, sing • Sentence: The fast rabbit jumps over the log. |
| Adjective | Adjective: A word that describes a noun or a pronoun.• Examples: happy, blue, loud, big • Sentence: She wore a bright jacket to school. |
| Adverb | Adverb: A word that describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb (often telling how, when, or where).• Examples: quickly, loudly, softly, soon • Sentence: The boy ran quickly to catch the bus. |
| Preposition | Preposition: A word that shows direction, location, or time, connecting a noun to the rest of the sentence.• Examples: on, in, under, above • Sentence: The cat is sleeping on the rug. |
| Conjunction | Conjunction: A word that joins words, phrases, or whole sentences together.• Examples: and, but, or, because • Sentence: I wanted pizza, but we had tacos instead. |
| Interjection | Interjection: A word or short phrase that shows strong emotion and stands alone.• Examples: wow, ouch, hooray, oops • Sentence: Ouch, that bee sting hurt! |
| plot | the chain of events that make up a story |
| setting | the time and place of a story |
| complication | problems that arise as characters struggle to reach their goals |
| protagonist | the main character in the story |
| antagonist | the character or force in conflict with the protagonist |
| climax | what is the most exciting or intense moment of the story |
| inciting incident | what sets the story into motion |
| rising action | what are the main events in the story, what complications make it difficult for characters to reach their goals? |
| falling action | what loose ends of the story are tied up, after the climax |
| exposition | the beginning of the story that reveals the main charaters, the setting, and the inciting incident |
| resolution | how does the story end? |
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