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EAP Mod 5 Vocabulary

Experimental Analysis of Behavior Module 5 Vocabulary and Definitions

TermDefinition
Rational Choice organism chooses behaviors that maximize reinforcement and minimize effort or cost *more reinforcement less expenditure may be more ideal thus behavior is allocated to that choice
Bounded Rationality concept that suggests decision -making occurs within cognitive and environmental constraints/limitations rather than always maximizing reinforcement (Herbert Simon 1957) *reinforcement history, SD cue associations, rule-governed Bx prioritized
Matching Law equation that reliably predicts choice behavior (Ba/(Ba+Bb=Ra/(Ra+Rb) Bb/(Ba+Bb=Rb/(Ra+Rb)-very close approximation not always exact, when choosing on concurrent schedules relative rate of bx matches relative rate of reinforcement on each option
Generalized Matching Law describes how response distribution/allocation matches relative reinforcement rates with two free operant choices
Bias (in matching) due to outside unidentified factors, a consistent preference for one option independent of reinforcement rates (shift up/down on graph)
Sensitivity (in matching) degree to which response allocation tracks reinforcement allocation, not perfect at detecting differences or changes in rate of reinforcement (varying mental processes)- effects slope of line
Undermatching a<1- respond disproportionately less on better option, response ratios are less extreme than reinforcement ratios as organism switches more than optimal matching would predict lower slope
Overmatching a>1- respond disproportionately more on better option, response ratios more extreme than reinforcement ratios-organism switches less and shows more exclusive preference than reinforcement alone predicts *slope steeper
Concurrent Schedules do X to earn one and Y to earn another-2 or more schedules at the same time with different response requirements, one response at a time but switched as much as wanted when 1 reinforcer delivered both schedules reset *reinforcer for each can be different
Delay Discounting decrease in organism's subjective/perceived value of a reinforcer as the delay in receiving that reinforcer increases
Hyperbolic Discounting Function mathematical model of discounting that describes Bx, wherein value decreases with steeper decline at short delays that flattens out *matches observed behavior more closely
Exponential Discounting Function mathematical model of discounting that describes Bx and assumes value decreases at a constant rate over time *doesn't match observed behavior well
Probability Discounting decrease in organism's subjective/perceived value of a reinforcer as the uncertainty in receiving that reinforcer increases
Impulsivity organism's distribution of behavior to an immediate reinforcer of lesser value/magnitude *steep delay discounting
Self-Control organism's distribution of behavior to a reinforcer of greater magnitude although delayed compared to that of a lesser but immediate reinforcer
Demand Curve behavioral economics in EAB, shows how much of a reinforcer an organism consumes (how much accessed) as the cost (response requirement) to obtain it: increases graphical representation of consumption at different cost
Elastic Demand behavioral economics in EAB, how sensitive consumption is to changes in cost, if consumption (response rate) drops quickly when price increases/degree to which consumption changes with price variations
Inelastic Demand behavioral economics in EAB, how sensitive consumption is to changes in cost if consumption (response rate) stays steady despite price increases/consumption remains relatively stable despite price changes
Unit Price within the context of access to a reinforcer this is the value/cost of the reinforcer and ratio of response requirement to available reinforcement
Essential Value measure of how consumption of a reinforcer persists despite price increases *inelastic
Created by: Charleestar21
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