Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 2 - Exam 1
PSYC 305
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| true or false. interesting questions can come from anywhere, as long as you're curious, observant, and skeptical | true |
| what is a good research question? | one you feel genuinely passionate about, enough that you find yourself debating possible answers and thinking about how you'd test your ideas |
| what is peer review? | process by which other scientific experts in the field review and evaluate the quality of research before it is published |
| what is a hypothesis? | an educated conjecture or guess that provides a testable explanation of a phenomenon |
| what is scientific law? | statement based on repeated experimental observation that describes some aspect of the world, but makes no claim about why it occurs |
| what is scientific theory? | well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, confirmed through repeated observation and experimentation |
| what are the 4 strategies for generating hypotheses? | introspection, finding the exception to the rule, matter of degree and change of directionality |
| what is intrsopection? | self-observation: asking what you would do, how you would feel, or what you would think in a given situation |
| what is the exception to the rule? | crafting a hypothesis that looks at outcomes in the opposite direction of what prior research has focused on |
| what is matter of degree? | thinking about your variables in terms of amount: quantity, intensity, strength, volume, number, force, persistence or effort |
| what is directionality? | considering that the causal arrow between 2 variables might run in the opposite direction than commonly assumed |
| what are the 4 criteria for a good hypothesis? | correspond with reality, parsimony, specificity, and falsifiability |
| what is correspondence with reality? | a good hypothesis should logically follow from what your literature search revealed on the topic |
| what is parsimony/ occam's razor? | "cutting away" unnecessary complexity so that the hypothesis is simple and direct |
| what is the barnum effect? | refers to the tendency of people to believe general descriptions of personality, supposedly tailored specifically for them, are highly accurate |
| what is falisifiability? | must be possible to show that your hypothesis may be incorrect: refutable, not just confirmable |
| what is a variable? | a factor/element that you expect to change, vary, or take on several different values |
| what is a conceptual definition? | what the variable represents in the context of your study: a theoretical definition |
| what is an operational definition? | how you will actually use, or put into operation, the variable in your specific study |
| what is a research design? | overall strategy for testing your hypothesis, chosen based on the nature of your research question, not your personal preference |
| what is an independent variable? | variable the researcher manipulates or controls, believed to influence another variable |
| what is the dependent variable? | the outcome/effect |
| what is an experimental design? | a research method in which the experimenter controls and manipulates the independent variable, allowing cause-and-effect relationships to be established |
| what is nonexperimental design? | a design with no control or manipulation of the independent variable, so cause-and-effect relationships cannot be established |
| when do we use nonexperiental designs? | when there's an unclear direction of causation or when there's ethical or practical constraints |
| what are levels? | the different variations of the independent variable that the researcher builds into the study design |
| what is between-subject design? | each participant is assessed on the dependent variable only once |
| what is within-subject design? | each participant is assessed on the dependent variable more than once |
| what is a longitudinal design? | the collection of data from participants over an extended period of time |
| what is programmatic research? | a systematic and planned sequence of related studies, where each study's findings inform the design of the next |
| what is research protocol? | a detailed series of steps describing exactly how the researcher should conduct the study, including what to say and do with participants |
| what is informed consent? | participants learn what the study expects of them, along with it's risks and benefits |
| what is debriefing? | researchers explain the study's full purpose in clear, understandable terms |
| what is probabilistic conclusion? | statistical tests give us the probability or likelihood that our results are true, never absolute certainty |
| what is a research journal? | a periodical containing articles describing research studies relevant to a particular field of study |
Created by:
anaelc
Popular Psychology sets