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Image Pathology
Skeletal pathology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A child has shortened long bones and widened metaphyses from abnormal cartilage growth. Which disorder best fits | Achondroplasia |
| A fluid-filled bursa is suspected, but the abnormality is not visible on x-ray . Which modality is most useful? | Ultrasound |
| A lumbar radiograph shows a pars interarticularis defect with forward slipping of a vertebral body.What is the diagnosis? | Spondylolisthesis |
| a malignant marrow tumor affecting the long bones of children and young adults is most consistent with? | Ewing sarcoma |
| A myelogram demonstrates a spinal abnormality involving a displaced disk. Which diagnosis fits best? | Herniated disk |
| a painful first metatarsophalangeal joint with urate crystal deposition is most consistent with? | Gout |
| A patient w/ severe cortical bone loss from brittle-bone disease needs lower exposure settings. Which disease is being described? | Osteogenesis imperfecta |
| A patient with a history of breast or prostate cancer develops irregular lucent / dense skeletal lesions. What is likely? | Bone metastases |
| A sharply defined radiolucent area is seen during the destructive phase of a chronic bone disorder. Which disease best match? | Paget disease |
| adult bone softening from inadequate mineralization is called? | Osteomalacia |
| delayed epiphyseal fusion and delayed skeletal maturation may be seen with? | Klinefelter syndrome |
| DEXA most commonly assesses bone mineral density at which two major sites? | Hip and lumbar spine |
| Early osteomyelitis may be radiographically occult. Which study is especially valuable for early detection? | Radionuclide bone scan - NM |
| In children, vitamin D deficiency that causes weak, deformed bones is called? | Rickets |
| multiple punched-out osteolytic lesions in the skull and other red-marrow-containing bones suggest? | Multiple myeloma |
| Pellagra is caused by a deficiency of? | Vitamin B3 (niacin) |
| shortening of the fourth and sometimes fifth metacarpal is associated with? | Turner syndrome |
| The 'Scotty dog' sign with a defect through the dog's neck is associated with? | Spondyloysis |
| The combination of a 'white line,' Pelken spur, and Wimberger sign points to? | Scurvy |
| which benign lesion projects from the bone surface, parallel to the bone and away from the nearest joint? | Osteochondroma |
| which benign tumor occurs after epiphyseal closure and extends toward the joint? | Giant cell tumor |
| which combination is most strongly associated with ultrasound use in this course material? | Hip dysplasia, fetal spina bifida, rotator cuff tear, and bursitis |
| which condition is an infectious process involving both bone and bone marrow? | Osteomyelitis |
| Which condition is associated with increasing both kVp and mAs because of generalized increased bone density? | Osteopetrosis |
| which condition is associated with progressive spinal fusion and a classic 'bamboo spine' appearance? | Ankylosing spondylitis |
| which congenital defect involves failure of posterior vertebrae to fuse and may cause a soft-tissue mass? | Spina bifida |
| which deficiency can lead to excessive bleeding because of reduced prothrombin formation? | Vitamin K |
| which disease causes joint subluxations and malalignment without erosions? | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
| which disorder can produce an elevated diaphragm, widened mediastinum, and prominent pericardial fat pads? | Obesity |
| which disorder causes severe protein malnutrition, delayed bone growth, and thin cortices? | Kwashiorkor |
| which fracture involves the radius and injury at the distal radioulnar joint near the wrist? | Galeazzi |
| which fracture is associated with an ulnar fracture and dislocation of the radial head? | Monteggia |
| which genetic amino-acid disorder causes bone loss, expansion, and cortical thickening? | Gaucher disease |
| which group is especially associated with nuclear medicine imaging in the test material? | Osteomyelitis, Paget disease, and bone metastases |
| which group is most consistent with lucent lesions in the final classification section of the test? | Giant cell tumor, multiple myeloma, and enchondroma |
| which group would be expected to require reduced technical factors because of decreased bone attenuation? | Osteomalacia, osteoporosis, and osteogenesis imperfecta |
| which hereditary disorder replaces muscle with fat and causes a fine-striped appearance? | Muscular dystrophy |
| which imaging is especially useful for showing the femoral head and acetabulum in a developing infant with hip dysplasia? | Ultrasound |
| which joint disorder is associated with irregular narrowing that is greatest where weight-bearing stress is highest? | Osteoarthritis |
| which lesion is characteristically dense rather than lucent? | Bone island |
| which modality is best for showing the soft-tissue and medullary extent of osteogenic sarcoma? | MRI |
| which modality is the preferred noninvasive study for a suspected meniscal tear? | MRI |
| which modality is used to demonstrate lumbar disk herniation and its relationship to the spinal cord or nerve roots? | MRI |
| which of the following is a malignant bone neoplasm rather than a benign lesion? | Chondrosarcoma |
| which pairing contains two congenital/hereditary disorders? | Spina bifida and achondroplasia |
| which syndrome may be associated with pectus excavatum? | Marfan syndrome |
| which technical change is for obtaining appropriate contrast when imaging markedly demineralized osteoporotic bone? | Decrease kvp |
| which vitamin deficiency causes beriberi? | Vitamin B1 (thiamine) |
| which vitamin deficiency is linked to night blindness? | Vitamin A |
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