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Cardio 3
BDK knowledge Cardio 3
| pharmacology category | Generic Name | Brand name | Common indications | Essential Knowledge |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anticoagulant, direct thrombin inhibitor | dabigatran (PO) | Pradaxa | AF (stroke prevention), VTE | bleeding, dyspepsia Boxed: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events, epidural or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture Other: swallow whole; dispense and store in original packaging; discard 4 months after opening |
| Anticoagulant, factor Xa inhibitor | apixaban (PO) | Eliquis | AF (stroke prevention), VTE | Key Side Effects: bleeding US Boxed Warnings: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events; increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patient undergoing spinal puncture |
| Anticoagulant, factor Xa inhibitor | rivaroxaban (PO) | Xarelto | AF (stroke prevention), VTE, PAD | Key Side Effects: bleeding US Boxed Warnings: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events; increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patient undergoing spinal puncture |
| Anticoagulant, vitamin K antagonist | warfarin (PO) | Coumadin, Jantoven | AF (stroke prevention), VTE | bleeding, skin necrosis Boxed: bleeding risk Other: narrow therapeutic index drug (monitoring INR) Other: dose dependent tablet colors; consistent vitamin K intake recommended; many drug interactions |
| Anticoagulant, low molecular weight heparin | enoxaparin (SQ) | Lovenox | ACS, VTE | Key Side Effects: bleeding, HIT US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture Other Notes: do not expel air bubble from syringe prior to injection |
| Anticoagulant | heparin (IV, SQ) | ------ | ACS, VTE | Key Side Effects: bleeding, hyperkalemia (chronic use), HIT |
| Antiplatelet agent | clopidogrel (PO) | Plavix | ACS, CAD, stroke | Key Side Effects: bleeding US Boxed Warnings: diminished effectiveness in poor metabolizers |
| Antiplatelet agent | ticagrelor (PO) | Brilinta | ACS | Key Side Effects: bleeding, dyspnea US Boxed Warnings: significant, sometimes fatal bleeding; do not exceed aspirin >100 mg daily due to reduced ticagrelor effectiveness |
| Antiplatelet agent | aspirin (PO) | Bayer, Bufferin, Ecotrin | ACS, stable angina, pain, stroke | Key Side Effects: dyspepsia, heartburn, bleeding Other Notes: CI in NSAID or salicylate allergy, children and teenagers with viral infection (due to Reye’s syndrome), can cause tinnitus in salicylate overdose |
| Vasodilator | nitroglycerin (SL) | Nitrostat | ACS, stable angina | Key Side Effects: headache, flushing, syncope, dizziness Other Notes: do not use with PDE-5 Inhibitors; tachyphylaxis (tolerance/ ↓ effectiveness); can aggravate angina causes by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
| Fibrinolytic | alteplase (intracatheter, IV) | Intracatheter: Cathflo Activase, IV: Activase | Intracatheter: catheter clearance IV: STEMI, acute ischemic stroke, PE | Key Side Effects: bleeding Other Notes: CI in patients with severe uncontrolled HTN |
Created by:
arcervantes
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