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Musculoskeletal
BDK knowledge MSK
| Pharmacologic Category | Generic name | Brand name | Classification | Common indications | Essential Knowledge |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpha2 agonist | Tizanidine (PO) | Zanaflex | Not OTC | Spasticity | KSE: drowsiness, hypotension, dizziness, Xerostomia, weakness |
| aminoquinolone | Hydroxychloroquine (PO) | Plaquenil | Not OTC | RA, SLE, malaria | KSE: retinal toxicity, rash, diarrhea other: Long term use has been associated with cardiomyopathy, bone marrow suppression, QT prolongation, and neuromuscular effects (i.e, myopathy, palsies and progressive weakness |
| NSAID | Diclofenac (Topical) | Voltaren Gel | OTC | OA | KSE: Pruritus, rash |
| NSAID | Diclofenac (PO) | Voltaren | Not OTC | OA,RA, acute pain | KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Boxed: may increase the risk of serious CV thrombotic events, MI, & stroke; may increase the risk of serious GI adverse events including ulcer, bleed & perforation other:may reduce renal flow |
| NSAID | Ibuprofen (PO) | Motrin, Advil | OTC | OA,RA, acute pain | KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Boxed: may increase the risk of serious CV thrombotic events, MI, & stroke; may increase the risk of serious GI adverse events including ulcer, bleed & perforation other:may reduce renal flow |
| NSAID | Meloxicam (PO) | Mobic | Not OTC | OA,RA, acute pain | KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Boxed: may increase the risk of serious CV thrombotic events, MI, & stroke; may increase the risk of serious GI adverse events including ulcer, bleed & perforation other:may reduce renal flow |
| NSAID | Indomethacin (PO) | Indocin | Not OTC | OA,RA, acute pain, gout | KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Boxed: may increase the risk of serious CV thrombotic events, MI, & stroke; may increase the risk of serious GI adverse events including ulcer, bleed & perforation other:may reduce renal flow |
| NSAID | Naproxen (PO) | Naprosyn, Anaprox, Aleve | OTC | OA,RA, acute pain, gout | KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Boxed: may increase the risk of serious CV thrombotic events, MI, & stroke; may increase the risk of serious GI adverse events including ulcer, bleed & perforation other:may reduce renal flow |
| NSAID | Ketorolac (PO,IV) | Toradol | Not OTC | pain | KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Boxed: may increase the risk of serious CV thrombotic events, MI, & stroke; may increase the risk of serious GI adverse events including ulcer, bleed & perforation other:may reduce renal flow |
| NSAID, COX-2 Selective | Celecoxib (PO) | Celebrex | Not OTC | OA,RA, acute pain | KSE: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea. Boxed: may increase the risk of serious CV thrombotic events, MI, & stroke; may increase the risk of serious GI adverse events including ulcer, bleed & perforation other:may reduce renal flow |
| Skeletal muscle relaxant | Cyclobenzaprine (PO) | Flexeril, Amrix, Fexmid | Not OTC | muscle spasm | KSE: Drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, fatigue other: use may prolonged cardiac arrhythmias, and tachycardia; Cl within 14 days of MAOI therapy |
| Skeletal muscle relaxant | Baclofen (PO) | ------- | Not OTC | Spasticity | drowsiness |
| Skeletal muscle relaxant | Methocarbamol (PO) | Robaxin | Not OTC | muscle spasm | drowsiness |
| Transdermal: topical analgesic IV: anti arrhythmic | Lidocaine (Transdermal, IV) | Transdermal: lidoderm, IV: Xylocaine | OTC : transdermal only | Transdermal: pain, IV: Ventricular arrhythmias | KSE: (transdermal) dermatitis, erythema, urticaria, skin depigmentation, skin edema KSE: (IV) bradycardia other: patch may remain in place for up to 12hrs in any 24 hr period, patch may be cut |
| Antigout agent | Colchicine (PO) | Colcrys | Not OTC | Gout | KSE: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, myopathy (including rhabdomyolysis) |
| Xanthine oxidase inhibitor | Allopurinol (PO) | Zyloprim | Not OTC | Gout | KSE: diarrhea, nausea, rash, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia other: rare association with severe allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome ( high risk asian pop.) |
| Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent | Succinylcholine (IV) | Anectine | Not OTC | Neuromuscular blockade for intubation or procedure | KSE: Hyperkalemia, myalgia, malignant hyperthermia (rare) boxed: acute rhabdomyolysis and hyperkalemia leading to cardiac arrest and death in pediatric patients with undiagnosed skeletal muscle disease |
| Anti tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor | Etanercept (SQ) | Enbrel | Not OTC | RA | KSE: infection, injection site reaction, headache, nausea Boxed: serious infection, malignancies such as lymphoma |
| Anti tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor | Adalimumab (SQ) | Humira | Not OTC | RA, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis | KSE: infection, injection site reaction, headache, nausea Boxed: serious infection, malignancies such as lymphoma |
Created by:
arcervantes
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