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solar year 7

QuestionAnswer
Moon A rocky or icy object that orbits a planet.
Asteroids Rocky objects that orbit the Sun, mostly found in the Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter.
Meteoroid A small rocky or metallic fragment travelling through space.
Meteor A meteoroid that enters Earth's atmosphere and burns up.
Meteorite A meteoroid that reaches Earth's surface.
Comets Icy bodies made of frozen gases, dust and rock that travel in highly elliptical orbits.
Geocentric Model A model that places Earth at the centre of the universe, proposed by Aristotle and Ptolemy.
Heliocentric Model A model proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus stating that the Sun is at the centre of the solar system.
Gravitational Lensing Occurs when a massive object bends light using gravity, making stars and planets appear in different positions.
Gravity and Orbits The balance between the Sun's gravity pulling planets towards it and their sideways velocity creates a stable orbit.
Seasons Caused by Earth's 23.5° axial tilt and its orbit around the Sun.
When a Hemisphere Tilts Towards the Sun Days become longer, sunlight is more direct and temperatures become warmer.
When a Hemisphere Tilts Away from the Sun Days become shorter, sunlight is less direct and temperatures become cooler.
The Four Seasons Spring: similar length days and nights; Summer: longest days and warmest temperatures; Autumn: cooling temperatures and shorter days; Winter: shortest days and coolest temperatures.
Seasonal Changes Temperature changes because sunlight strikes Earth at different angles.
Seasons Around the World The Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience opposite seasons.
What Makes a Planet? A planet must orbit the Sun, be spherical in shape and clear debris from its orbit.
Terrestrial Planets Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars; small, rocky, few or no moons, no rings.
Gas & Ice Giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune; large, made mainly of gas and ice, many moons and ring systems.
How Scientific Models Change Scientific models change based on new evidence as technology improves.
Galileo, Kepler and Newton Galileo observed Jupiter's moons; Kepler discovered elliptical orbits; Newton explained gravity.
Classifying Celestial Objects Celestial objects are classified according to their size, composition, orbit and gravitational characteristics.
Comet's tail Always points away from the Sun due to solar wind.
Main difference between geocentric and heliocentric models Geocentric has Earth at the centre; heliocentric has the Sun at the centre.
Galileo's observation Supported the heliocentric model by observing Jupiter's moons.
Kepler's discovery Planets travel in elliptical orbits.
Newton's explanation Explained gravity.
Three requirements for a planet Must orbit a star, be spherical, and clear its orbit.
Pluto's reclassification Reclassified as a dwarf planet due to not clearing its orbit.
Differences between terrestrial planets and gas giants Terrestrial planets are rocky; gas giants are gaseous.
Why planets remain in orbit Due to gravity and velocity.
Causes of seasons on Earth Earth's axial tilt.
Opposite seasons in Australia and the United States Due to Earth's axial tilt.
Asteroid Rocky object orbiting the Sun.
Comet Icy body with a glowing tail.
Gravity Force attracting objects with mass.
Orbit Path around another object.
Axial Tilt 23.5° tilt of Earth.
Terrestrial Planet Small rocky planet.
Gas Giant Large gaseous planet.
Created by: ousmag
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