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PSY105 ECPI
PSY105 CH10 KEY TERMS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| PSY105 CH10 KEY TERMS | |
| anorexia nervosa | eating disorder characterized by an individual maintaining body weight that is well below average through starvation and/or excessive exercise |
| bariatric surgery | type of surgery that modifies the gastrointestinal system to reduce the amount of food that can be eaten and/or limiting how much of the digested food can be absorbed |
| basolateral complex | part of the brain with dense connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memory |
| binge eating disorder | type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating and associated distress |
| bisexual | emotional and erotic attractions to both same-sexed individuals and opposite-sexed individuals |
| body language | emotional expression through body position or movement |
| bulimia nervosa | type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging |
| Cannon-Bard theory of emotion | physiological arousal and emotional experience occur at the same time |
| central nucleus | part of the brain involved in attention and has connections with the hypothalamus and various brainstem areas to regulate the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems’ activity |
| cognitive-mediational theory | our emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimulus |
| components of emotion | physiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and subjective experience |
| cultural display rule | one of the culturally specific standards that govern the types and frequencies of emotions that are acceptable |
| distorted body image | individuals view themselves as overweight even though they are not |
| drive theory | deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that result in psychological drive states that direct behavior to meet the need and ultimately bring the system back to homeostasis |
| emotion | subjective state of being often described as feelings |
| excitement | phase of the sexual response cycle that involves sexual arousal |
| extrinsic motivation | motivation that arises from external factors or rewards |
| facial feedback hypothesis | facial expressions are capable of influencing our emotions |
| gender dysphoria | diagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who do not identify as the gender associated with their biological sex |
| gender identity | individual’s sense of being male or female |
| habit | pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage |
| heterosexual | emotional and erotic attractions to opposite-sexed individuals |
| hierarchy of needs | spectrum of needs ranging from basic biological needs to social needs to self-actualization |
| homosexual | emotional and erotic attractions to same-sexed individuals |
| instinct | species-specific pattern of behavior that is unlearned |
| intrinsic motivation | motivation based on internal feelings rather than external rewards |
| James-Lange theory of emotion | emotions arise from physiological arousal |
| leptin | satiety hormone |
| metabolic rate | amount of energy that is expended in a given period of time |
| morbid obesity | adult with a BMI over 40 |
| motivation | wants or needs that direct behavior toward some goal |
| obese | adult with a BMI of 30 or higher |
| orgasm | peak phase of the sexual response cycle associated with rhythmic muscle contractions (and ejaculation) |
| overweight | adult with a BMI between 25 and 29.9 |
| plateau | phase of the sexual response cycle that falls between excitement and orgasm |
| polygraph | lie detector test that measures physiological arousal of individuals as they answer a series of questions |
| refractory period | time immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm |
| resolution | phase of the sexual response cycle following orgasm during which the body returns to its unaroused state |
| satiation | fullness; satisfaction |
| Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion | emotions consist of two factors: physiological and cognitive |
| self-efficacy | individual’s belief in his own capabilities or capacities to complete a task |
| set point theory | assertion that each individual has an ideal body weight, or set point, that is resistant to change |
| sexual orientation | emotional and erotic attraction to same-sexed individuals, opposite-sexed individuals, or both |
| sexual response cycle | divided into 4 phases including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution |
| transgender hormone therapy | use of hormones to make one’s body look more like the opposite-sex |
| Yerkes-Dodson law | simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, while complex tasks are best performed when arousal is lower |
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