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END FEELS
NORMAL AND ABNORMAL END FEELS + SAMPLES
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Occurs sooner or later in ROM than usual, feels boggy | Soft end-feel |
| Example: soft tissue edema | Soft end-feel |
| Example: synovitis | Soft end-feel |
| Occurs sooner or later in ROM than usual, firm resistance | Firm end-feel |
| Example: increased muscular tonus | Firm end-feel |
| Example: capsular shortening | Firm end-feel |
| Example: muscular shortening | Firm end-feel |
| Example: ligamentous shortening | Firm end-feel |
| Example: fascial shortening | Firm end-feel |
| Occurs sooner or later in ROM than usual, bony grating/block | Hard end-feel |
| Example: chondromalacia | Hard end-feel |
| Example: osteoarthritis | Hard end-feel |
| Example: loose bodies in joint | Hard end-feel |
| Example: myositis ossificans | Hard end-feel |
| Example: fracture | Hard end-feel |
| No real end-feel, pain prevents reaching ROM, protective spasm | Empty end-feel |
| Example: acute joint inflammation | Empty end-feel |
| Example: bursitis | Empty end-feel |
| Example: abscess | Empty end-feel |
| Example: fracture | Empty end-feel |
| Example: psychogenic disorder | Empty end-feel |